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The aim of this paper is to propose a discussion about nano economy - as a theory of the smallest part of economy i.e. the range connected with economic purpose and results of individual decisions in individual enterprises. A set of different decisions derived from all ways of rational managing principle, which should improve the competitiveness and/or enlarge the financial outcome of a given economic entity.
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Since accession to the EU, Polish dairy production has experienced dynamic changes in all spheres of its performance. In this dynamic environment, farmers had to adjust their development strategies in order to survive on the competitive market. This paper describes farmers’ attitudes towards the future in a context of strategy formulation. Results of the present study suggest that most dairy farmers in Mazovian region continue development towards increased specialisation and production scale. The study indicates that labour and human capital features could hardly explain farmers’ strategy choices. However, what seems to play a role is farm and production characteristics. It was more the milk production scale and herd size rather than utilised land that decided the further path of development. Choice of strategy should be strongly facilitated also by investments undertaken on the farm. The investments have been financed mostly from external capital – bank loans and EU investment funds. Thus, access to credit seems to be another important determinant of farm development. It was however remarkable that farmers perceived the availability of these resources as quite easy, especially in case of EU funds. As the most significant barriers to further development, farmers indicated low availability of land and insufficient qualified labour.
The paper discusses trends in dairy cows population and milk production in Poland in the period 2004-2009 and the further changes until the year 201S. The aim of the paper was to present the key factors of the success in possibilities of reducing the milk production costs in specialized farms in Poland. Costs of production of bulky feed had about S3%. The factors were the smallest cost of: services and hired work, buying fodder, buying farm heifer, own cubic and filling fodder. In the smallest profitability, sum of savings in the above kind of cost could be even to 92.8% all of the possible savings. Slight differences between the farms with the lowest and the highest production profitability concern the cost of artificial insemination, water, electricity, cleanness means. Average possibilities of the cutting down the milk production cost were: internal farm transport, vet cure and insurance. Moreover, the milk farms which wanted to achieve high profitability in production have to search the saving in every size and in every kind of the cost.
The aim of this study was to determine the level of outlays on investments farms specializing in milk production depending on the scale of dairy cows breeding. The research involves agricultural holdings in Poland covered by FADN system in 2004–2009, in which the value of milk production in the total output was more than 60%. Studies have shown proportional relationship between the size of outlays on investments and the number of cows in the herd. In addition, the relationship was proved between an investment activity of farmers, depending on the situation of the milk market and dairy farm incomes. The article also examines the level of net investment in the studied groups of households per 1 ha of agricultural land, indicating a high diversity of farms in this regard.
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