Water management, understood as a complex of interactions and circulation of water in the environment, is vital to protection of the fir in the Bieszczady Mountains. Disturbances in water management during the last ten or fifteen years have exceeded the ability of the fir to adapt to drought stress. The fir, a species with strict climatic requirements, grows on a mosaic of diversified soils and subsoil, and is strongly affected by any change in them. Specimens growing on less favourable sites are subject to diseases, including those caused by climatic irregularities. The author puts forward proposals for shaping environmental conditions for fir protection.
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