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Induced systemic resistance to wheat take-all disease by probiotic bacteria

100%

Jasem A. M., Sharifi R., Abbasi S.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2018

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tom 58

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nr 3

In this study, the effect of six commercial biocontrol strains, Bacillus pumilus INR7, B. megaterium P2, B. subtilis GB03, B. subtilis S, B. subtilis AS and B. subtilis BS and four indigenous strains Achromobacter sp. B124, Pseudomonas geniculate B19, Serratia marcescens B29 and B. simplex B21 and two plant defense inducers, methyl salicylate (Me-SA) and methyl jasmonate (Me-JA) were assessed on suppression of wheat take-all disease. Treatments were applied either as soil drench or sprayed on shoots. In the soil drench method, the highest disease suppression was achieved in treatment with strains INR7, GB03, B19 and AS along with two chemical inducers. Bacillus subtilis S, as the worst treatment, suppressed take-all severity up to 56%. Both chemical inducers and bacterial strains AS and P2 exhibited the highest effect on suppression of take-all disease in the shoot spray method. Bacillus subtilis S suppressed the disease severity up to 49% and was again the worst strain. The efficacy of strains GB03 and B19 decreased significantly in the shoot spray method compared to the soil drench application method. Our results showed that most treatments had the same effect on take-all disease when they were applied as soil drench or sprayed on aerial parts. This means that induction of plant defense was the main mechanism in suppressing take-all disease by the given rhizobacteria. It also revealed that plant growth was reduced when it was treated with chemical inducers. In contrast, rhizobacteria not only suppressed the disease, but also increased plant growth.

2

Management of soil-borne diseases of organic vegetables

100%

Shafique H. A., Sultana V., Ehteshamul-Haque S., Athar M.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2016

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tom 56

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nr 3

With the rising awareness of the adverse effects of chemical pesticides, people are looking for organically grown vegetables. Consumers are increasingly choosing organic foods due to the perception that they are healthier than those conventionally grown. Vegetable crops are vulnerable to a range of pathogenic organisms that reduce yield by killing the plant or damaging the product, thus making it unmarketable. Soil-borne diseases are among the major factors contributing to low yields of organic produce. Apart from chemical pesticides there are several methods that can be used to protect crops from soil-borne pathogens. These include the introduction of biocontrol agents against soil-borne plant pathogens, plants with therapeutic effects and organic soil amendments that stimulate antagonistic activities of microorganisms to soil-borne diseases. The decomposition of organic matter in soil also results in the accumulation of specific compounds that may be antifungal or nematicidal. With the growing interest in organic vegetables, it is necessary to find non chemical means of plant disease control. This review describes the impact of soil-borne diseases on organic vegetables and methods used for their control.

3

Breeding barley for resistance to soil-borne viruses based on exotic germplasm

100%

Ordon F., Friedt W.

Genetica Polonica

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1994

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tom 35B

4

Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

80%

Khaledi N., Taheri P.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2016

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tom 56

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nr 1

Throughout the world, charcoal rot, caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of crop plants such as soybean. In this study, the biological control capability of 11 Trichoderma spp. isolates against M. phaseolina was investigated using screening tests. Among all the tested Trichoderma spp. isolates, inhibition varied from 20.22 to 58.67% in dual culture tests. Dual culture, volatile and non-volatile tests revealed that two isolates of Trichoderma harzianum (including the isolates T7 and T14) best inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina in vitro. Therefore, these isolates were selected for biocontrol of M. phaseolina in vivo. The results of greenhouse experiments revealed that disease severity in the seed treatment with T. harzianum isolates was significantly lower than that of the soil treatment. In most of the cases, though, soil treatment with T. harzianum resulted in higher plant growth parameters, such as root and shoot weight. The effects of T. harzianum isolates on the activity of peroxidase enzyme and phenolic contents of the soybean root in the presence and absence of M. phaseolina were determined in greenhouse conditions. Our results suggested that a part of the inhibitory effect of T. harzianum isolates on soybean charcoal rot might be related to the indirect influence on M. phaseolina. Plant defense responses were activated as an elicitor in addition to the direct effect on the pathogen growth.

5

The motility of bacteria from rhizosphere and different zones of winter wheat roots

80%

Czaban J., Gajda A., Wroblewska B.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 2

More than 800 rhizobacterial strains were isolated from winter wheat “rhizosphere” (the soil tightly adhering to the roots), “rhizoplane” (the root surface) and “endorhiza” (the interior of the roots) at different plant growth stages (two leaves, four leaves, flowering and full maturity). The data obtained clearly show that the proportion of motile strains gradually increased from “rhizosphere”, through “rhizoplane”, to “endorhiza”. These results strongly suggest that flagellar motility is an important factor in the colonization of plant roots (especially the root interiors) by bacteria. However, high proportions of nonmotile bacteria among the bacterial isolates from the root surface at four leaves and flowering stages suggest that flagellar motility is not an absolutely necessary bacterial feature in colonization of plant roots. Pseudomonads and enterobacteria were the main motile bacteria, and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium the main nonmotile ones. The role of flagellar motility in plant root colonization is discussed in relation to other bacterial traits.

6

Prosty biotest do badania podatnosci pszenzyta na naczyniowa pasiastosc zboz [Cephalosporium gramineum Nisikado et Ikata]

71%

Martyniuk S., Wroblewska B.

Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin

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1997

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nr 201

247-252

7

Odglebowe wirusy buraka cukrowego w Polsce

61%

Borodynko N., Pospieszny H.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2006

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tom 46

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nr 1

433-438

8

Diagnostyka odglebowych wirusow buraka cukrowego

61%

Borodynko N., Hasiow B., Pospieszny H.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2008

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tom 48

|

nr 2

441-444

9

Proby chemicznego i mikrobiologicznego zwalczania naczyniowej pasiastosci zboz [Cephalosporium gramineum]

61%

Martyniuk S., Oron J.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2008

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tom 48

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nr 1

226-233

10

Bakterie w ochronie roślin przed agrofagami – znaczenie gospodarcze i biotechnologia

61%

Sobiczewski P.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2010

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tom 50

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nr 3

Bacteria are one of the most important components of plant environment. Most of bacteria colonizing rhizosphere, rhizoplane and phylloplane are the commensals. Among mutualistic bacteria the microsymbionts of leguminous plant and other bacteria promoting plant growth and development are distinguished. Their activity leads to an increase in bioavailability of nutrients, production of substances improving plant growth (e.g. phytohormones) and/or control of pathogens and other deleterious organisms. Strains representing various genera are utilized as active compounds in biopreparations against diseases, pests and weeds. Their commercial application is very perspective especially in greenhouses and storages. The development of technology production of biopreparations consists of several stages including selection of effective strain performed in laboratory and field conditions, mass cultivation and formulation of final product.

Ograniczanie wyników

Induced systemic resistance to wheat take-all disease by probiotic bacteria

Management of soil-borne diseases of organic vegetables

Breeding barley for resistance to soil-borne viruses based on exotic germplasm

Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

The motility of bacteria from rhizosphere and different zones of winter wheat roots

Prosty biotest do badania podatnosci pszenzyta na naczyniowa pasiastosc zboz [Cephalosporium gramineum Nisikado et Ikata]

Odglebowe wirusy buraka cukrowego w Polsce

Diagnostyka odglebowych wirusow buraka cukrowego

Proby chemicznego i mikrobiologicznego zwalczania naczyniowej pasiastosci zboz [Cephalosporium gramineum]

Bakterie w ochronie roślin przed agrofagami – znaczenie gospodarcze i biotechnologia