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Cultivation machines meet resistance during their operation. Mostly the magnitude of resistance depends on resistance caused by tilled material. This study presents the results of the measurements of working resistance for a disc harrow U-239 manufactured by Akpil and a seedbed former and a cultivator with a string roller manufactured by Egedal. The tests were conducted on open tree nursery in Kłaj, being part of the Forest District of Niepołomice. Sandy-loam and loam-sandy soils prevail in the nursery. The measurements of resistance were conducted in three quarters with black fallow. The compactness and humidity of soil were determined (16-24%). Working resistance was determined by the hauling method with the usage of force strain gauge. The average value of working resistance for the disc harrow fit in the range between 2.25 kN and 2.82 kN, for the seedbed former between 2.35 kN and 2.53 kN, for the cultivator with string roller between 1.50 kN and 2.37 kN.
This paper presents the results of studies on the influence of soil preparation methods and ways of utilization of logging residues on belowground biomass of 3-year-old Scots pine saplings, after artificial regeneration. Statistically significant correlations were detected between root biomass and soil preparation methods, while there was no significant impact of logging residues management. Furthermore, interaction of methods of soil preparation and various ways of logging residues management also did not affect the belowground biomass of the plants. The greatest biomass was detected on the area where the soil was prepared by ploughing furrows with the LPz-75 plough. On plots where the soil was prepared by scarifying with rotary tiller, the lowest values of belowground biomass were observed.
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of soil preparation on height of 3-year-old Scots pine plantation. Three methods of cutting residues management and three methods of soil preparation were analysed. Height structure was determined and mean heights in specific variants were statistically analysed. Conducted analysis showed, that the influence of soil preparation method was much greater than cutting residues management. Statistically significant impact on tree height was found in case of scarifying and mixing of topsoil with rotary tiller, where greatest mean height was observed. Ploughing furrows with LPz-75 plough proved to be the most beneficial method of soil preparation. In this case the greatest heights of 3-year-old Scots pines were measured.
This paper presents the results of studies on the influence of clear-cut site management on survival rate of 3-year-old Scots pine saplings, conducted in the Forest District Bierzwnik in September 2011. Statistical analysis showed, that only the soil cultivation method significantly influences the survival rate on the studied Scots pine plantation. No statistically significant influence of cutting residues management or combined methods of residues management and various variants of soil cultivation was found.
This article presents new technological and technical solutions for forest nursery, which were developed recently in Department of Forestry Mechanization at Agricultural University in Krakow and implemented in forest nursery. Fertilizer dispensers equipped with mechanism to mix, loosen, and initial soil thickening were made, in order to enrich the ground with mycorrhizal fungi, fertilization and presowing preparation of soil. Thick seeds spot seeding section of Agricola Italiana type PK seeder was modified in order to use in spot seeding, so now it can sow thick seeds like beech or fir and tiny seeds in double rows which make it a universal seeder to sowing forest trees seeds. Sections, up to 5, mounted on construction can spot sow seed perches in field conditions. In order to use in corridor, sowing field seeder arm was modified by extending it, so it was possible to mount sideways seeding units and tractor can be driven next to corridor. Electrical tool holder was constructed for spot seeding under cover, to which you can mount equipment for soil preparation (sowing fertilizer, mycorrhizal biopreparate dosage, loosing and rolling ground), spot seeder sowing sections or constructed saddle for performing weeding.
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