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Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a morphologically ill-defined tumour of the soft tissues and may involve nearly every organ of the body. MFH of the spermatic cord represents an extremely rare entity and reports of it in the literature are limited. We report a 69-year-old man found to have a left spermatic cord MFH and retroperitoneal and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, who was treated with radical orchiectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. The morphological findings of the spermatic tumour are presented and the literature is reviewed to clarify the potential diagnostic/therapeutic approaches and the prognosis related to spermatic cord MFH.
The content of selected trace metals (Cd, Cr, Hg, Ph, Zn) and their distribution in superficial water, bottom sediments and in muscular tissue of fishes (roach, perch, bream) and mollusks (taken from the Zemborzyce Reservoir) were examined using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). A comparison of the trace elements content in investigated constituents of the Zemborzyce Reservoir was carried out. Superficial water contains micro-trace quantities of examined metals. Bottom sediments are characterized by a smaller content of Cd, Pb and Zn, in comparison to the previous data. Accumulation of Cd is very similar for all examined fishes. The highest level of Cr was found in roaches. Perches indicate best accumulation ability of Hg, Pb and Zn. Mollusks show excellent accumulation ability to all studied elements.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the physical and biological properties of new surgical threads provided by Matcur, S.A. De C.V., Mexico. The study was performed on 12 piglets of a Polish Large White breed, divided into two equal groups and subjected to surgical procedures at the age of 40 d of life. The first group of animals (control group) was subjected to a sham operation, whereas the experimental group had undergone gastric fundectomy. The fundectomy consisted of cutting out the fundus of the stomach. The soft tissues of the fundectomised stomach were sutured, using catgut quirurgico simple and catgut quirurgico cromico threads. The sham operation consisted of cutting through soft tissues of the abdominal region, which enabled access to the anatomical structures of the stomach, analogically to the experimental group. During the operation procedure, the threads were assessed for the needle penetration and ability to pass through tissues, the tendency to electrify, twisting ability, elasticity, knot stability and tendency to soak up tissue fluids. The mechanical properties of the threads were investigated using an extension test in Lloyd LRX testing machine. Furthermore, haematological and biochemical analyses of the serum were performed 60 d after the surgery. The obtained results showed very high surgical reliability of the investigated threads with no side effects in any of the experimental animals. The wound healing process was characterised by minimal reaction of the soft tissues. The extension test showed very high mechanical endurance of the investigated threads. Moreover, positive results were obtained after the evaluation of knot stability of the threads. Decreased values of haemoglobin, haematocrit, and daily body weight gain of the animals from the experimental group were observed as negative consequences of the fundectomy.
Using imunohistochemical technique, localisation and intensity of COX2 expression were estimated in canine soft tissue fibrosarcomas. The obtained results were related to tumour grade of malignancy. The material was sampled in the course of surgery from 23 dogs of various breed, 5 to 18 years of age. The presence of COX2 was demonstrated in cell cytoplasm in over 43% tumours. Augmented expression of COX2 was observed in samples of tumours manifesting higher grade of malignancy. Also strong positive correlation was detected (r=0.76) between expression of COX2 and grade of malignancy in the tumours, which might point to the involvement of the enzyme in neoplastic transformation of the cells from which fibrosarcomas derive in dogs.
The findings of preserved soft body parts including pedicle in the linguloid brachiopods are extremely rare in the fossil record of which the early Cambrian Chengjiang (southern China) and Burgess Shale (British Columbia) faunas are the most important. However, these characteristic Cambrian soft−bodied faunas largely disappeared from the fossil re− cord well before the end of the Cambrian. Here we describe the first record of the pedicle in a linguloid brachiopod from the post−Cambrian strata, preserved with remarkable fidel− ity. Contrary to the Chengjiang and Burgess Shale−type fau− nas which are commonly preserved as essentially two−di− mensional aluminosilicate or degraded organic carbon films or pyritized compressed fossils, the specimens now recov− ered from the Ordovician of China show a three−dimen− sional, pyritized pedicle with preserved external morphol− ogy, in detail. The presence of streamlined shell shape and burrowing shell sculpture in our specimens supports an as− sumption for infaunal mode of life of the genus. Since all linguloid brachiopods of the early Cambrian are inter− preted as epifaunal or semi−infaunal, it seems that the here described Ordovician linguloid is the oldest representative of fully infaunal brachiopods. Apparently, the long vermi− form and flexible linguloid pedicle has appeared as a func− tionally optimized construction.
A global census of published records of dinosaur skin from the Mesozoic, cross-referenced against a more detailed lithological dataset from the Maastrichtian of North America, clarifies why most examples of fossilized dinosaur skin come from hadrosaurids. Globally, more published specimens of hadrosaurids exhibit preserved skin than any other major clade of dinosaur. North American Maastrichtian hadrosaurid fossils are 31 times more likely to have skin preserved than coeval dinosaur remains. This does not arise from collection methodology, the large population size of hadrosaurids, or the gross lithology of their depositional environment. The reason that so many hadrosaurid fossils have skin is still elusive, but was likely something intrinsic to hadrosaurids that originated early on in the clade, perhaps the possession of tougher or thicker skin. The database of published examples of fossilized dinosaur skin assembled here will assist the continued development of a much needed common terminology and taxonomic framework for dinosaur skin.
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