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Ion transport in rabbit caecum at 12 and 36 months of age

84%
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aging on sodium and chloride ions transport in the isolated rabbit coecum. The experiment consisted in measuring PD- transepithelial electrical potential difference mV SM-mechanical stimulation and mechano-sensitivity (dPD) in collected from 12- and 36-month-old rabbits. A modified Ussing system was used for the experiment. Under the incubation in Ringer solution the values of PD and dPD of young rabbit caecum were, respectively, -3.0 ±0.4 mV and -1.2 ±0.3 mV. In 36-month rabbits, on the other hand, the values of these parameters were lower, PD by about 90% whereas dPD by about 83%. Incubation of young rabbits caecum with the presence of amiloride resulted in a reduction of PD by about 17 % and dPD by about 50%, while it did not influence the electrophysiological parameters of caecum in 36-month rabbits. Incubation with bumetanide on young rabbits caecum resulted in PD dropped by about 70% and dPD by about 83%. In the same incubation conditions as those applied for incubation of 36-month rabbits caecum, the level of PD decreased by about 67% while dPD by about 50%. Incubation of young rabbits caecum at the presence of both transport inhibitors resulted in PD decreased by about 87% and dPD by about 83%, whereas that applied for the old rabbits' caecum reduced PD by about 90%, without influencing dPD. Presented data demonstrate that the process of organism ageing inhibits sodium ion transport as well as reduces caecum epithelium sensitivity to mechanical stimuli. Probably, it is a consequence of a reduced with age release of neurotransmitter from sensory terminals; these neurotransmitters modify transepithelial ion transport.
The erythrocytes from Morris Hepatoma 5123 bearing rats took up Na+ and K+ ions from the incubation medium and released Na into the extracellular space at lower rates than did erythrocytes from intact control rats* The lipid composition of erythrocytes membranes from the tumor-bearing rats differed from that of membranes from unaffected rats, showing increased contents of phospholipid phosphorus and a decreased content of cholesterol, resulting in decreased choleste- rol: phospholipid molar ratios.
The present study aimed to identify the response of melon accessions and cultivars to salt stress in terms of ion exchange, enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation and photosynthetic pigment contents by mixture modelling. In mixture modeling, it is expected that the data set demonstrates a heterogeneous structure. This heterogeneity is characterized as unobservable heterogeneity. The data set’s heterogeneity produces severe deviations in the parameter assessments and the standard deviations. Heterogeneity is overcome when the data set separates itself into homogeneous sub-populations. Mixture modeling was performed using the Mclust mixture cluster program of the statistical software package R 5.2.3. Sub-populations were constructed by evaluating genotypes according to studied traits and correlation analysis was performed using the SPSS software package. The seedlings of 13 melon genotypes were harvested two weeks after salt application (0 mM or 50 mM NaCl) when symptoms of salt stress were observed. Nutrient contents and ratios (K, Ca, Na, K : Na and Ca : Na); superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities malondialdehyde (MDA) chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured. Mixture modeling and correlation analysis were used in evaluating the experimental data sets. Differences in responses to salt application were observed among genotypes. While all genotypes exhibited negative responses in terms of K : Na ratio, which is an important parameter of salt tolerance, the smallest decreases in K : Na ratios were observed in the YYU-11 (–57.09%) and YYU-4 (–58.78%) genotypes, indicating them to be the most tolerant to salt stress. In general, enzyme activity decreased in response to salt application, although the responses varied among genotypes, especially with regard to CAT and APX activity. The YYU-29 genotype was notable as the genotype with the highest K : Na ratio (1.79) as well as the smallest change in MDA content under salt stress.
The water-gas shift reaction performance of Fe2O3, Ru/Fe2O3 catalysts and the same compounds doped with sodium ions was studied. An addition of sodium was found to result in an increase of the ruthenium catalyst activity and stabilization of its surface area during the reduction with the reaction mixture. This series of catalysts was examined by XPS method. The addition of sodium and ruthenium causes an increase in the ionicity of the Fe2O3 lattice, manifested as changes in intensity of peaks of the Fe 2p band.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań jakości wód rzeki Drwinki. Woda badanego cieku przepływa przez tereny o zróżnicowanym zagospodarowaniu. W górnym biegu jest to teren przemysłowy oraz miejski, następnie tereny użytkowane rolniczo z zabudową osadniczą wiejską oraz zalesione tereny Puszczy Niepołomickiej, a w końcowym biegu wiejskie tereny zabudowane. W celu określenia jakości wody w Drwince przeprowadzono badania zawartości związków azotu, fosforu, potasu, sodu, wapnia, magnezu, siarczanów, chlorków, zawiesiny, a także pH, przewodności elektrolitycznej i substancji rozpuszczonych w sześciu wybranych punktach poboru próbek wody. Wodę do analiz pobierano w odstępach miesięcznych w latach 2009 i 2010. Wyniki badań mogą być przydatne przy planowaniu zagospodarowania terenów zlewni służącemu ograniczeniu zanieczyszczeń wprowadzanych do wód Drwinki.
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