Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

The morphological evaluation of frontal sinuses in the human skulls

100%

Strek P., Kaczanowski K., Skawina A., Pitynski K., Kitlinski Z., Mrowka D., Naklicka B.

Folia Morphologica

|

1992

|

tom 51

|

nr 4

2

Morphological characteristic of the skull with gnathoschisis and palatoschisis

88%

Malinowski A., Garlowska E., Luczak B.

Folia Morphologica

|

1996

|

tom 55

|

nr 2

3

A note on the morphology of the metopic suture in the human skull

88%

Skrzat J., Walocha J., Zawilinski J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2004

|

tom 63

|

nr 4

The metopic suture of 24 adult skulls investigated showed recognisably varied morphological patterns. The metopic suture resembled wavy lines and was sometimes highly convoluted, especially in the superior part of the frontal bone. The mean suture length was computed as 123.1 mm (SD = 5.307) and the mean fractal dimension was 1.17 (SD = 0.076). Visual inspection of the morphological character of the metopic sutures revealed complex variation in their course between the nasion and the bregma. Comparison of the fractal dimensions indicated a two-fold increase in complexity between the anterior half of the suture terminating in the nasion (FD = 1.10) and the second half of the suture beginning in the bregma (FD = 1.21). The Mann-Whitney test confirmed the statistical significance of the differences in the fractal dimensions calculated. The variety and complexity of the interdigitations in the anterior and posterior part of the suture point to possible alterations to local strains, which occur during the growth of the braincase.

4

A preliminary study on the relationship between the complexity of the sagittal suture and cranial dimensions

75%

Skrzat J., Brzozowska I., Walocha J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2004

|

tom 63

|

nr 1

The paper presents the results obtained from analysis of the correlation between cranial dimensions (length, width, and height) and indices against the complexity of the sagittal suture, which was expressed as the ratio between absolute sutural length to the linear length of the suture. The statistical study on 29 skulls shows a significant negative correlation between the height/width index of all skulls and suture complexity (r = –0.78 for male, r = –0.70 for female skulls) and a negative correlation between cranial height and suture complexity in male skulls only (r = –0.49). This implies that lower and broader skulls have a more complicated sagittal suture. Correlations of the height/length and width/ /length ratios were assessed as statistically insignificant in both sexes.

5

Anthropological characteristics of a case of microcephaly

75%

Malinowski A., Luczak B.

Folia Morphologica

|

2000

|

tom 59

|

nr 3

The article describes a female skull from the contemporary cementary of Pestkovo, Bulgaria, with morphological traits of microcephaly (skull capacity — 907 cm3). The skull was characterised by means of measurements with reference to 60 skulls of contemporary Bulgarians. Thus the normalised data and values of natural Perkal’s indices were obtained. Obtained data indicate morphological differences of skull with microcephaly compared with the normal ones. In general, the analysed skull is of a smaller size although the values of its height (porion-bregma), total facial height (nasiongnathion) and palatial length (orale-staphylion) are bigger than in the control group.

6

The ossified interclinoid ligament

63%

Skrzat J., Szewczyk R., Walocha J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2006

|

tom 65

|

nr 3

242-245

The paper presents an anatomical description of the ossified interclinoid ligament which was found in a male human skull. In the case studied the ossified ligament exists as a bony bridge between the anterior and posterior clinoid processes on the left side of the skull. The length of this connection was measured as 5.0 mm, while its thickness was 3.2 mm. We conjecture that the presence of a considerably thick bony trabecula within the sella region might have had an impact on the course of the internal carotid artery or the oculomotor nerve, causing compression of these structures.

7

Skulls of Neolithic Eurasian beavers [Castor fiber L.] in comparison with skulls of contemporary beavers from natural biotopes of Wielkopolska Region [Poland]

63%

Komosa M., Frackowiak H., Godynicki S.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2007

|

tom 16

|

nr 5

697-704

The present work describes the morphological distance of a cranium between specimens of Castor fiber from Neolithic period and contemporary specimens which live in the same region of Poland. Two well-preserved skulls of Neolithic beavers and 32 skulls of contemporary beavers were available. In order to compare the skulls, first the age of the animals was estimated followed by 22 measurements of each skull. On the basis of Principal Components Analysis it was found that the skull in the beaver changes its dimensions with age. Moreover, a strong positive allometry was found of the external sagittal crest in relation to age. The other craniometric features showed negative allometry. The PCA method also made it possible to determine that the skull of a 3-year old Neolithic beaver is as big as skulls of 4- to 5-year old contemporary ones. The skull of the second Neolithic beaver, a 5-year old, is the largest among skulls of contemporary beavers in its age group.

8

Fluctuating asymmetry and inbreeding in Scandinavian gray wolves (Canis lupus)

63%

Wiig O., Bachmann L.

Acta Theriologica

|

2014

|

tom 59

|

nr 3

We investigated fluctuating asymmetry in 13 traits of the skulls and jaws of historical and contemporary populations of Scandinavian gray wolves (Canis lupus). We hypothesized that there is a higher level of fluctuating asymmetry in the inbred contemporary population than in the historical population. Our analyses did not detect any difference in the level of fluctuating asymmetry as predicted. We propose different explanation for this lack of change in fluctuating asymmetry. It is assumed that a large number of studies have failed to find a positive correlation between the level of genetic stress and developmental instability and have therefore never been published, which hampers a good understanding of fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of developmental instability. The current study is thus important in this context. The gray wolf population in Scandinavia is characterized by an extreme bottleneck followed by two and a half decades of strong inbreeding, but no associated change in fluctuating asymmetry is detected.

9

The results of compression forces applied to the isolated human calvaria

63%

Tubbs R. S., Murphy R. L., Golden J. B., Etheridge B., Wellons J. C., Blount J. P., Salter E. G., Oakes W. J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2005

|

tom 64

|

nr 4

321-325

Data for the force necessary to fracture the isolated calvaria (skull cap) are not available in the extant literature. Twenty dry adult calvaria were tested to failure quasistatically at the vertex using a 15-kN load cell. The forces necessary to fracture or cause diastasis of calvarial sutures were then documented and gross examination of the specimens made. Failure forces had a mean measurement of 2772 N. Initial fractures did not cross suture lines. Prior to complete destruction of the calvaria there were 7 specimens in which all sutures of the calvaria became diastatic, 6 specimens in which the calvaria became diastatic along only the coronal sutures, 2 specimens in which the calvaria became diastatic along only the sagittal suture and 5 specimens in which there were diagonal linear parietal bone fractures. Our hopes are that these data may contribute to the structural design of more safer protective devices for use in our society, assist in predicting injury and aid in the construction of treatment paradigms.

10

Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik

Macroevolutionary and morphofunctional patterns in theropod skulls: A morphometric approach

63%

Foth C., Rauhut O. W. M.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

|

2013

|

tom 58

|

nr 1

Theropod dinosaurs are one of the most remarkable lineages of terrestrial vertebrates in the Mesozoic, showing high taxo− nomic and ecological diversity. We investigate the cranial diversity of non−avian theropods and some basal birds, using geometric morphometrics to obtain insights into the evolutionary modifications of the skull. Theropod skulls mostly vary in the shape of the snout and length of the postorbital region (principal component [PC] 1), with further variation in orbit shape, depth of the postorbital region, and position of the jaw joint (PC 2 and PC 3). These results indicate that the cranial shape of theropods is closely correlated with phylogeny and dietary preference. Skull shapes of non−carnivorous taxa dif− fer significantly from carnivorous taxa, suggesting that dietary preference affects skull shape. Furthermore, we found a significant correlation between the first three PC axes and functional proxies (average maximum stress and an indicator of skull strength). Interestingly, basal birds occupy a large area within the morphospace, indicating a high cranial, and thus also ecological, diversity. However, we could include only a small number of basal avialan species, because their skulls are fragile and there are few good skull reconstructions. Taking the known diversity of basal birds from the Jehol biota into account, the present result might even underestimate the morphological diversity of basal avialans.

11

Morphometric variations of the skull in the gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Iran

63%

Khosravi R., Kaboli M., Imani J., Nourani E.

Acta Theriologica

|

2012

|

tom 57

|

nr 4

The Gray Wolf is a wide ranging carnivore in Iran, absent only in the central deserts and Dasht-e Lut. This study was carried out to verify whether, despite their high mobility, individual wolves belonging to different populations show morphological variations in the skull. We collected 48 skulls from various regions of Iran and measured 24 variables on the cranium. These primary variables were then used to generate six indices to examine any variations in the shape of the skulls collected in different regions of the country. Although the largest skulls collected for this study originated in the mountainous regions of the northwest, northeast, and west, principle component analysis (PCA) did not result in a meaningful difference in the size and shape of wolf skulls in different regions of Iran. Our results confirm that the minor morphological variations of the skull in wolves of Iran are not an evidence for the separation of wolf populations in different regions or the existence of various subspecies in the country. This uniformity can be explained by the strong gene flow among populations as well as high mobility of the wolf that facilitates movement of individuals between populations.

12

Studies of interdependences between characteristics in raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides gray)

63%

Nowicki W., Brudnicki W., Skoczylas B.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Veterinary Medicine

|

2011

|

tom 14

|

nr 2

13

Geometry of the articular facets of the lateral atlanto-axial joints in the case of occipitalization

63%

Ryniewicz A. M., Skrzat J., Ryniewicz A., Ryniewicz W., Walocha J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2010

|

tom 69

|

nr 3

This study investigates if atlanto-occipital fusion affects the size and geometrical configuration of the articular facets of the atlanto-axial joint. Morphometric analysis was performed on the male adult skull, the occipital bone of which is assimilated with the first cervical vertebrae (the atlas). The perimeter, Feret’s diameter, surface area, and circularity of the inferior articular fa-cets were measured. However, we did not observe significant bilateral differences in size of the inferior articular facets of the assimilated atlas compared to normal first cervical vertebrae. Geometrical conformation of the articular facets of the atlas and axis was assessed using a coordinate measuring machine (PMM – 12106, Leitz). The results obtained from this machine indicated that the inferior articular facets of the assimilated atlas presented asymmetrical orientation compared to the normal anatomy of the atlas. Hence, in the case of occipitalization, the gap between the articulating facets of the atlas and the axis was measured to be greater than in the normal atlanto-axial joint. Computer assisted tomography was applied to visualise the anatomical relationship between the inferior articular facets of the assimilated atlas and the corresponding facets located on the axis. In this case, radiographic examination revealed that the bilaterally articulating facets (inferior and superior) showed disproportion in their adjustment within the lateral atlanto-axial joints. Thus, we concluded that the fusion of the atlas with the occipital bone altered the geometry of the inferior articular facets of the atlas and influenced the orientation of the superior articular facets of the axis. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 3: 147–153)

14

The occipital dysplasia in the Papillion dog

63%

Janeczek M., Chroszcz A., Pospieszny N.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Veterinary Medicine

|

2010

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

15

Morphometric analysis of the cranial cavity and the occipital region of the skull in aurochs (Bos primigenius Bojanus 1827)

63%

Brudnicki W., Nowicki W., Brudnicki A., Skoczylas B., Kirkillo-Stacewicz K., Wach J., Grzywacz K.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Veterinary Medicine

|

2011

|

tom 14

|

nr 4

16

Sexual dimorphism in the skull of the European mink Mustela lutreola from NW part of Russia

63%

Abramov A. V., Tumanov I. L.

Acta Theriologica

|

2003

|

tom 48

|

nr 2

Morphometric variation in 22 characters of 86 skulls of the European mink Mustela lutreola (Linnaeus, 1761), from the NW part of Russia, has been analysed. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to estimate craniometric variables for sex determinations. Two characters (zygomatic breadth and interorbital width) are enough for the 96.5% correct classification. The male skull of M. lutreola is characterised by a relatively high neurocranium, widely arranged zygomatic arches, a wide rostrum, and by wider auditory bullae and higher mandibles. Sexual size dimorphism of M. lutreola is less than that of other similar-sized mustelids - Mustela putorius, M. eversmanii, M. sibirica, Neovison vison. The results are discussed in relation to the existing theories on sexual dimorphism in mustelids.

17

Systematics of Polish populations of European whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus [ L.], based on skull osteology

63%

Heese T.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

|

1992

|

tom 39

|

nr 3-4

18

Value of craniometrical traits in chinchillas [Chinchilla laniger] skulls considering teeth defects

63%

Baranowski P., Wojtas J., Cis J., Musial G., Wroblewska M., Sulik M.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

|

2008

|

tom 52

|

nr 2

The study aimed at determining whether teeth defects in chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger), consisting in excessive growth of I, P, and M1-M3 teeth, bring about differences in the value of cranial breadth-length traits in those rodents. The examinations were made on 109 skulls of somatically mature chinchilla females aged 1 to 3 years. The skull's weight and that of mandible was determined, as well as 48 craniometrical traits of the braincase and the splanchno-cranium was measured. For each craniometrical trait, its mean value, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values were determined, as well as cranial indices and simple correlations between the traits were calculated. Statistical analysis did not show normal distribution of traits. It was showed that the mean skull weight as well as that of the mandible in chinchillas without teeth defects was significantly lower than in animals with such defects. On the other hand, teeth defects brought about differences in the basic values of metrical traits for the lateral part of skull, basal skull, and mandible. No differences were found in the values of the nuchal part traits of the examined chinchilla skulls.

19

A detailed description of Caspiodontornis kobystanicus from the Oligocene of the Caspian seashore

63%

Aslanova S. M., Burchak-Abramovich N. I.

Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia

|

1999

|

tom 42

|

nr 3

20

Pattern of bird bone fragmentation in pellets of the Long-eared Owl Asio otus and its taphonomic implications

63%

Bochenski Z. M., Tomek T.

Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia

|

1994

|

tom 37

|

nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

The morphological evaluation of frontal sinuses in the human skulls

Morphological characteristic of the skull with gnathoschisis and palatoschisis

A note on the morphology of the metopic suture in the human skull

A preliminary study on the relationship between the complexity of the sagittal suture and cranial dimensions

Anthropological characteristics of a case of microcephaly

The ossified interclinoid ligament

Skulls of Neolithic Eurasian beavers [Castor fiber L.] in comparison with skulls of contemporary beavers from natural biotopes of Wielkopolska Region [Poland]