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The aim of the work was to analyze the changes in the population of Sus scrofa L. in the selected voivodeships in Poland in the years 2000-2011 and to determine their direction, with consideration of hunting and level of utilization. The data for analysis were obtained from Research Station of the Polish Hunting Association (PZŁ) in Czempiń. There was found the increase in population of wild boar in hunting season 2011/2012 vs. 2000/2011, including the highest one in the Świętokrzyskie Province (256%) and Małopolska Province (264%) with the simultaneous high rise in hunting (250% and 413%, respectively). The concentration of wild boar population in 6 examined voivodeships, irrespectively of basic size of the population (level of population in season 2000/2001 in the voivodeships from group I (>10 thousand heads) and group II (<1.5 thousand heads) was increased. A moderate level of population utilization occurred to be insufficient what caused a constant progression of the population number in the studies voivodeships in the years 2000-2011.
The analysis of size changes (length of placoliths, their width, length of central opening and its width) in elliptical reticulofenestrids from the NP25–NN5 zonal interval of the Central Paratethys allowed to dicriminate two size categories of placoliths: (i) small Reticulofenestra minuta (< 3.5 μm); (ii) Reticulofenestra haqii–pseudoumbilicus group (4–10.0 μm). The latter group appeared for the first time (FO, first occurrence) in the upper Egerian (size 4–7 μm) with the size of placoliths in this plexus increasing gradually. The FO of R. pseudoumbilicus > 8.0 μm has been established in the Zone NN2 while its FCO (first common occurrence) in the Zone NN5. This study shows that the FOs of size−defined morphotypes of the R. haqii–pseudoumbilicus group differ in the Central Paratethys and oceanic realm. Blooms of R. minuta at the Oligocene–Miocene boundary and in the Early Middle Miocene may be correlated with the incoming of warm water into the higher latitude Central Paratethys basins during connection with the Mediterranean Sea. Transgression favored the expansion of near−shore areas associated probably by some short−time oscillations of salinity. The FO of R. haqii–pseudoumbilicus group and the FO of R. pseudoumbilicus > 8.0 μm can be correlated with the opening of new pathways between the Mediterranean and the Central Paratethys. Gradual size changes in the R. haqii–pseudoumbilicus group probably reflect climatic changes: the decrease of coccolith size in the late Egerian may reflect cooling (Mi1 event) while the increase in coccolith size in the interval from the FO of Helicosphaera ampliaperta to the FO of Sphenolithus heteromorphus occurred due to warming. Two size categories of placoliths in the R. haqii–pseudoumbilicus group (3.5–6 μm and 6–8 μm) recorded in the interval from Zone NN1 to the lower part of the Zone NN2 may represent seasonal populations.
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