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The functionalized mesoporous’ potential ability of binding heavy metals using different templates, namely cetyltrimethylammonium (CTAB) (adsorbent A) and triblock copolymer (Pluronic P123, EO20PO70EO2O, Mav = 5800) (adsorbent B), was evaluated. The synthesized materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen gas sorption, FT-IR and solid-state ¹³C and ²⁹Si NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry (TGA) measurements. In the adsorption experiment, the effects of several variables (stirring time, pH and presence of other metals in the medium) were studied. On the basis of these results, it was observed that the adsorption capacities were higher for adsorbent B than adsorbent A. The results also confirmed that the ureido group (CO-NH₂) has a good affect of binding metal ion.
Bioassays were conducted to assess the effects of two silicon dioxide nanoparticles of Aerosil® and Nanosav against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica F. and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. Silica nanoparticles were applied at the rates of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg · kg–1 on wheat and peeled barley. The mortality was counted after 1, 2, 3, and 7 days of exposure. Another experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of food source on the survival of beetles after exposure to silica nanoparticles. Adults were exposed to silica nanoparticles at the rate of 0.2 mg · cm–2 for 1 and 2 days on filter paper inside plastic Petri dishes, respectively. After exposure, the initial mortality was counted and live individuals of both species were held for a week in empty glass vials or vials containing wheat and wheat flour, respectively. Silica nanoparticles have high toxicity on R. dominica and T. confusum adults. Rhyzopertha dominica was more susceptible than T. confusum. However, the mortality of both species increased with increasing concentrations and time exposed to each concentration. At low concentrations, Aerosil® was more effective than Nanosav. Silica nanoparticles were more effective in wheat grains than barley. Results indicated that the initial mortality was so high that the impact of food source on delay mortality was unclear in most cases. Silica nanoparticles were efficient against tested species and can be used effectively in a stored grain integrated pest management program.
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The bedrock opoka has been lately reported as an appropriate reactive media for onsite wastewater treatment systems due to its high phosphorus (P) sorption capacity. However, variations on its chemical composition may affect its reactivity with P, therefore leading to a variable P removal effi ciency. In this paper, the P-sorption capacity of three different types of opoka from the region of Miechów, Poland, is reported. According to the silica and carbonate content, opoka samples were classifi ed as light--weight and heavy-weight opoka. When heated over 900°C, opoka showed a very high P-sorption capacity that was well correlated to its Ca content. P-sorption isotherms from batch experiments with an artifi cial P solution were plotted and fi tted to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The Freundlich isotherm appeared to model better the P-sorption of light opoka and the Langmuir isotherm of heavy opoka, suggesting different dominating mechanisms of P-sorption by light and heavy opoka.
The 15 - cm layer of bottom sediments of the Lake Bukowo was examined. Organic sediments make up to 32% of the Lake Bukowo bottom surface, the mixed sediments - 52% and the sandy ones - 16%. Bottom sediments of this lake displayed a high content of organic matter ca. 28%, nitrogen ca. l. 2%, silica 65% and phosphorus 0.9%. Nitrogen and phosphorus were deposit into sediments in the main form of organic compounds. These sediments were characterized by low content of metals (average: Ca 1%, Mg 0.8 %, Fe 1.3% and Al 1.1%). The pollution of Lake Bukowo increased comparison to 1987.
Dokonano oceny przydatności metody kolorymetrycznej do oznaczania jonowych form krzemu w tłuszczach utwardzanych (margarynach), dostępnych na polskim rynku. Przeprowadzono walidację metody, określając jej precyzję, dokładność oraz liniowość.
A simple and reliable method was developed for extracting genomic DNA from preserved mantle tissues of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas for reproducible PCR amplification. The method was based on destruction of the tissue using Proteinase K, Chelex 100 resin, detergents, and urea, followed by preferential capturing of genomic DNA with silica particles. Approximately 5 mg of mantle tissue provided a sufficient quality and quantity of DNA for several hundreds of PCR reactions amplifying the hypervariable mitochondrial DNA intergenic spacer, which is a useful genetic marker for population structure analysis of Pacific oyster. The method can be applied for DNA preparation from not only fresh and frozen but also ethanol-preserved mantle tissues, so this rapid and economical method can serve for investigating a large number of bivalve specimens collected in the field and next transported in ethanol at ambient temperature.
Ze względu па stosowanie krzemionki w procesie technologicznym produkcji margaryn i możliwość zanieczyszczenia nią produktu końcowego monitorowano zawartość jonowych form krzemu w dostępnych na polskim rynku tłuszczach utwardzanych wykorzystując metodą kolorymetryczną. Przeprowadzono walidacją metody, określając jej precyzją, dokładność oraz liniowość.
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