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1

Sex differences in the processing of odd and even numbers

100%
Hines T. M., Herman-Jeglinska A., Bednarek D., Grabowska A.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1996
|
tom 56
|
nr 1
2

Sex differences in preening behaviour in the White Stork Ciconia ciconia

61%
Zolnierowicz K. M., Nyklova-Ondrova M., Tobolka M.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2016
|
tom 64
|
nr 3
Preening is a type of feather maintenance behaviour in birds, that fulfils an important role in grooming. Preening may also be important for signalling quality of mates. Therefore we hypothesized that the frequency of preening may be related to sex and population density of White Stork Ciconia ciconia. We observed preening activity of 25 pairs in Western Poland at the beginning of incubation, when preening frequency is the highest. Birds were observed on the nest, because most preening behaviour occurs there. We found that being on the nest males spent proportionally more time on preening than females (on average 30% vs. 16%). Females spent more time preening when their mate was present at the nest. There was no significant relationship between preening frequency and indirect quality indicators (arrival date, laying date, hatching date, clutch size, brood size) nor between the distance to nearest neighbours and the time males and females spent on preening.
3

A morphometric study of the preoptic area of the guinea pig

61%
Bogus-Nowakowska K., Robak A., Szteyn S., Rowniak M., Wasilewska B., Najdzion J.
Folia Morphologica
|
2010
|
tom 69
|
nr 1
The aim of the study was to provide the topography and morphometric characteristics of the preoptic area (POA) of the guinea pig. The study was carried out on the brains of sexually mature guinea pigs of both sexes. A uniform procedure was followed in the study of the paraffin-embedded brain tissue blocks of males and females. The blocks were cut in the coronal plane into 50 μm sections and stained according to the Nissl method. The guinea pig POA consists of four parts: the medial preoptic area (MPA), lateral preoptic area (LPA), periventricular preoptic nucleus (PPN), and median preoptic nucleus (MPN). The topography and general structure of POA parts are similar in males and females. However, the PPNa cells of females are more intensely stained and are more densely packed than the PPNa cells of males. For morphometric analysis, the MPA and LPA as well as PPN and MPN were considered respectively as uniform structures, namely MPA-LPA and PPN-MPN. The statistical analysis showed that the volume of the PPN-MPN was larger in males than in females, whereas the MPA-LPA volume did not differ between the sexes. Moreover, the numerical density and the total number of neurons were statistically larger in males than in females in both the MPA-LPA and PPN-MPN. The parameters describing POA neurons were larger for MPA-LPA neurons in comparison with the PPN-MPN neurons. However, in this respect no sex differences were observed in both studied complexes. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 1: 15–23)
4

Sex differentiation in European whitefish [ Coregonus lavaretus L.]

61%
Dlugosz M., Demska-Zakes K.
Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii
|
1992
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tom 39
|
nr 3-4
5

Effect of predator-induced maternal stress during gestation on growth in root voles Microtus oeconomus

51%
Bian J., Wu Y., Liu J.
Acta Theriologica
|
2005
|
tom 50
|
nr 4
473-482
We studied the effect of maternal stress evoked by a severe stressor from the cues of predation risk during gestation on the growth of offspring in root volesMicrotus oeconomus Pallas, 1776. Body mass of both male and female offspring was significantly reduced in the period from birth to weaning. Females showed compensatory growth after weaning, whereas males maintained low body mass at weaning into adulthood. Maternal stress led to an elevated plasma corticosterone level in male offspring, but did not affect that of female offspring. Corticosterone levels remained elevated in males from stressed dams into adulthood. Increased levels of plasma corticosterone may have led to the inhibition of pituitary growth hormone and a chronically abnormal energy mobilization, considering the greater energy and metabolic requirements of male offspring, this may account for the sex-specific differences in compensatory growth. We suggest that in the high stress situation, endocrine-based sex-biased effects of maternal stress as a primary factor can lead to long-term physical and ecological consequences for male offspring.
6

Social interactions associated with reproduction in the bushveld gerbil Gerbilliscus leucogaster

51%
Lotter T. K., Pillay N.
Acta Theriologica
|
2012
|
tom 57
|
nr 1
The study of social behaviour can give us important insights into the social and mating system of a species or population. We investigated male–female interactions in captive bushveld gerbils, Gerbilliscus leucogaster, to gain insight into the social behaviour and mating structure. We conducted two experiments. In experiment 1, we studied the interactions between two strangers for a week in a three-tank setup, which tested behavioural variation spatially and temporally. Although tolerance between strange males and females increased with time, it remained generally low throughout the experiment. Females appeared to be cautious of males initially, but they later became aggressive towards them. Males showed an increase in submissive behaviour over time. The ‘home’ cage did not appear to be defended by either sex. In experiment 2, we investigated the social interactions of male–female pairs during pregnancy and lactation. Aggression persisted throughout the study and amicable behaviour was low; females were much more aggressive than males. We did not detect changes in social behaviour with the progression of pregnancy and lactation. We suggest that pair bonding is unlikely and that promiscuity is the most probable mating system. Female aggression may be related to mate choice prior to mating and mate exclusion thereafter, while it may be a response to infanticide risk during pregnancy and lactation.
7
Content available remote

Defining sex differences in selected lipid metabolites of blood plasma in Wistar rats

51%
Leskanicova A., Chovancova O., Babincak M., Blicharova A., Kolesarova M., Macekova D., Kostolny J., Smajda B., Kiskova T.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2019
|
tom 70
|
nr 4
8

Evaluation of the immune response of male and female rats vaccinated with cDNA encoding a cysteine proteinase of Fasciola hepatica (FhPcW1)

51%
Wesolowska A., Norbury L. J., Januszkiewicz K., Jedlina L., Jaros S., Zawistowska-Deniziak A., Zygner W., Wedrychowicz H.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 2
Not only do males and females of many species vary in their responses to certain parasitic infections, but also to treatments such as vaccines. However, there are very few studies investigating differences among sexes following vaccination and infection. Here we demonstrate that female Sprague-Dawley rats vaccinated with cDNA encoding a recently discovered cysteine proteinase of Fasciola hepatica (FhPcW1) develop considerably lower liver fluke burdens after F. hepatica infection than their male counterparts. This is accompanied by differences in the course of their immune responses which involve different eosinophil and monocyte responses throughout the study as well as humoral responses. It is evident that host gender influences the outcome of parasitic infections after vaccination and research on both sexes should be considered when developing new treatments against parasites.
9

Thyroid C cells in male and female rats with chronic renal failure

51%
Kasacka I., Azzadin A., Malla H.
Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
|
2002
|
tom 40
|
nr 2
10

Transsexualism and sex-related differences in hemispheric asymmetry

41%
Herman A., Grabowska A., Dulko S.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1993
|
tom 53
|
nr 1
11

The use of space by translocated edible dormice, Glis glis [L.], at the site of their original capture and the site of their release: radio-tracking method applied in a reintroduction experiment

41%
Jurczyszyn M.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2006
|
tom 54
|
nr 3
A study was made of the use of space by two groups (each of 6 animals) of adult edible dormice (G. glis) at the sites of their origin and where they were released. The reintroduction took place in Szczeciński Landscape Park (north-western Poland; 53°17’N, 14°46’E). The source sites for the animals were in the Sie rakowski Landscape Park (western Poland; 52°38’N, 16°07’E) and a nature reserve “Buczyna Szprotawska” in south-western Poland (51°30’N, 15°40’E). All three sites had dense and extensive mixed forests. At release and source sites, dormice were radio-tracked during 10 successive nights between 20.00 and 05.00 at 1-hour intervals. At the source sites, the mean distance travelled per night and mean home range (95% Minimum Convex Polygon) (MCP) tended to be larger in males than in females but not significantly. At the release sites, the mean distance travelled per night and mean home range were significantly larger in females than in males. The mean distance travelled per night by males and their mean home range size did not differ significantly between source and release sites (although distances were larger at the source sites (source: 458 m; release: 265 m) and home ranges larger at the release sites (source: 1.3 ha; release: 1.8 ha). In contrast, the mean female distance travelled per night (source: 214 m; release: 404 m) and mean home range (source: 0.3 ha; release: 3.5 ha) were significantly larger at the release site than at the source sites.
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