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The ELISA was used to measure anti-Pasteurella multocida IgG levels in the serum of 30 geese collected randomly from a 300-goose flock aged 2 months and vaccinated against pasteurellosis with the Pastivac E vaccine comprising Polish isolates of serotypes 1 and 3 with oil adjuvant. The blood was sampled every 14 days for 2 months from two groups of 10 birds each vaccinated singly and doubly and from non-vaccinated considered the controls. The ELISA kits were prepared by the author's procedure because no commercial kits for goose blood were available. An increase in anti-P. multocida IgG level was found after each vaccination.
Blood serum concentrations and excretion of oxytetracycline (OTC) into milk after the i.m. administration of long-acting preparations in adult ewes were studied. Four ewes were treated with L.A. Engemycin and four - with L.A. Tetravet. OTC was administered to animals in a single dose of 20 mg/kg of live weight. OTC concentrations in blood serum were determined 1, 6 and 24 hours and then 2 to 8 days after the treatment. The milk samples were collected from the morning and evening milking up to 166 hours. OTC was determined by the HPLC method with solid phase extraction. Significantly higher serum concentrations of OTC (p < 0.05) were recorded after Tetravet administration from the 24th hour to the 5th day. OTC was detected in blood serum up to the 5th day after Engemycin administration, and up to the 6th day after Tetravet administration. The OTC residues in milk reached their maximum mean concentrations after 24 hours (2.525, and 2.186 mg/I, respectively). Then the mean OTC concentrations rapidly decreased and the residues were below the maximum residual limit (0.1 mg/l) 96 hours after the administration. OTC residues were detected in the first group up to 144 hours (0.021 mg/l), and up to 168 hours (0.031 mg/I) in the second group. The results indicated on the influence of the vehicle (polyvinylpyrrolidone in Engemycin and dimethylacetamide in Tetravet) on the serum kinetics and time of excretion of OTC into milk of treated ewes.
In this study, the effects of xylazine on serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), insulin (INS), and glucagon (GN) in dogs were investigated. The dogs before injection were used as control group (0 h). The dogs were injected with xylazine at 3 mg/kg, then blood was collected from the peripheral veins at 0.5, 2, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 120 h after the injection. Serum T3, T4, INS, and GN were measured by ELISA. The results revealed that the T3 level decreased in serum 0.5 h after the injection (P<0.05), while the change in T4 was not significant. The secretion of INS increased 8 h after the injection (P<0.05). The GN level increased 2 h and 8 h after the injection (P<0.05). However, all of these changes returned to the norm after 24 h.
 In the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are supposed to be involved and may have diagnostic/prognostic value. Serum levels of MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were quantified by ELISA and zymography in 22 EDMD patients and 15 age-matched controls. In the autosomal-dominant EDMD MMP-2 and MT1-MMP were increased in all cases, and MMP-9 was increased in two of the eight examined patients. In the X-linked EDMD MMP-2 expression was increased in all the cases, MMP-9 level was elevated in 3 of the 14 cases, and MT1-MMP was decreased in eight of these patients. There was no evident correlation between the MMPs level and the different cardiac parameters including left-ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left atrial diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction in either form of EDMD. The presented results indicate that a changed level of matrix metalloproteinases, especially that of MMP-2 in serum, may be of value for detection of cardiac involvement in EDMD patients, especially in those patients with no evident subjective cardiac symptoms. Further follow-up studies of MMPs are needed to check if their determination is of value for monitoring of the progression of atrial/ventricular dilatation. MMPs determinations may also be useful for monitoring DCM treatment by synthetic MMPs inhibitors.
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the hypolipidemic activity of methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Cassia fistula (CF) Linn (Family: Fabaceae) on atherogenic diet (2% cholesterol, 1% Choline Chloride and 2% Lard) induced Male Sprauge-Dawley rats for the period of 21 days. The rats receiving the treatment with leaf methanol and aqueous extract of CF showed significant (P < 0.001) reduction in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and other parameters at dose dependent manner but the effect was less than the standard drug Atorvastatin. The results revealed the effectiveness of CF plant against hyperlipidemic activity.
Serum levels of T₃, T₄, and TSH hormones, some elements, and glucose with regard to their involvement for growth retardation in yearling rams were investigated. A total of 70 yearling rams of the Akkararnan breed, 50 of which were classified with a retarded growth, and the remaining 20 were classified as normal, were included in the study. Serum total T₃, total T₄, and TSH were measured using chemiluminescent enzyme-labelled immunometric assay with immulite kits. Serum levels of Zn, Cu, and Co were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Serum glucose was measured using auto analyser. There were significant differences between the yearling rams, with and without retarded growth for serum levels of T₃, Zn, Cu, Co, and glucose. However, there no significant differences for T₄ and TSH between the yearling rams, with and without retarded growth. The results of the study suggest that retarded growth in yearling rams is associated with the lower levels of serum total T₃, Zn, Cu, Co, and glucose; however, there is no scientific evidence for the association of T₄, and TSH in the condition.
Strenuous physical exercise induces muscle fibers damage and non-specific inflammatory response. Activated by inflammatory process cells may serve as the source of wide spectrum of inflammatory mediators and growth factors. Namely Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Transforming Growth Factor-ß (TGF-ß) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) could be released. The aim of present study was to assess the impact of physical exercise on growth factors generation in healthy young people. 14 young sportsmen were enrolled into the study. They performed strenuous physical exercise. Blood samples were drawn before, immediately after, and 2 hours after the exercise bout. Serum PDGF, TGF-beta and VEGF concentrations were measured using commercially available ELISA kit based on immunoenzimatic method. Serum level of PDGF increased significantly from 1.7 ng /ml before to 4.64 ng /ml (2.73-fold) immediately after, and to 3.3 ng /ml (1.94-fold) 2 hours after exertion. Serum level of TGF-beta increased significantly from 20.58 ng /ml before to 55.37 ng /ml (2.7-fold) immediately after, and to 40.03 ng /ml (1.95-fold) 2 hours after exertion. Serum level of VEGF increased significantly from 91.83 pg /ml before to 165.61 pg /ml (1.8-fold) immediately after the exercise. Two hours after the exertion serum level of VEGF was 137.22 pg /ml, what is 1.49-fold above the basal level; however not being significantly different. In summery, observed increased level of growth factors could be involved in the process of adaptation of human organism to physical training. In addition, in the context of the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of various diseases, our results point to the potentially deleterious effect of strenuous physical exercise.
The aim of the experiment was to determine, using the ELISA and gel diffusion precipitin test, the antibody serum level in rabbits immunised with vaccines comprising P.multocida antigens of serotypes 3 and 12 with two adjuvants: oil (Cunipastivac E) and aluminium hydroxide gel (Cunipastivac A). The ELISA revealed an increase in specific lgG levels against P. multocida and the positive precipitin reaction with somatic antigens of both serotypes used for vaccine preparation. The ELISA titre did not alter during a three-month experimental period; however, the level of precipitins decreased. Comparison of the two methods revealed that the gel diffusion precipitin test is more sensitive but it is most likely that the methods used did not detect the same antibodies.
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