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The initial analysis of the ability for the generative propagation and the level of self-incompatibility of inbred lines of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)

100%

Kaminski P.

Journal of Horticultural Research

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2013

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tom 21

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nr 2

2

Seed development in Solanum muricatum Aiton

100%

Kopcinska J., Lotocka B., Kowalczyk K., Kobryn J.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2004

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tom 46

121-132

In Solanum muricatum Aiton the development of cellular endosperm preceded the divisions of the zygote, and 5 days after pollination (dap) it consisted of several cells. The mature endosperm accumulated lipid and protein bodies. The separation and secretion zone on the embryo/endosperm interface was noted at 20 dap. The first division of the zygote occurred at 7 dap. The apical cell of the 2-celled proembryo produced the embryo proper, and the basal one gave rise to the suspensor, the central part of the root cap (columella) and the connecting layer of the embryonic root meristem. Four-celled proembryos were observed with the cells in linear arrangement at 8 dap. The first globular embryos were found at 16 dap, heart-stage embryos at 26 dap, torpedo-shaped embryos at 30 dap, and circinate embryos at 33 dap. After 56 dap no further changes were observed in the anatomical structure of the embryos. The testa of mature seeds was composed of the outer epidermis of the integument and a layer of obliterated parenchyma and endothelium.

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Epigenetic aspects of sexual and asexual seed development

100%

Rodrigues J. C. M., Koltunow A. M. G.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

In angiosperms, seed development initiates after a double fertilization event in the female gametophyte, in which one male sperm cell fuses to the central cell to form the endosperm and the other to the egg cell to form the embryo. Sexually-derived seed is thus characterized by maternal and paternal contributions to the progeny. Some plant species have the capacity to form seeds asexually, a process known as apomixis. This mode of reproduction is characterized by a bypass of meiotic reduction and the absence of paternal contribution to the embryo, resulting in a seed with an embryo genetically identical to the mother. Little is known about the molecular events that regulate apomictic development. Recent findings show that the apomictic and sexual developmental programs share molecular components, suggesting that apomixis is a deregulated sexual program. Furthermore, the identification of apomictic developmental features in fertilization-independent seed (fis) mutants in the sexual model plant Arabidopsis has also shed light on the molecular events that control sexual seed development, and has opened new questions as to the molecular nature of autonomous seed development. FIS-class genes are homologues of the Polycomb Group (PcG) chromatin remodelling factors conserved in Drosophila and humans, where they have been implicated in gene repression and control of cell fate throughout development. fis phenotypes are affected by DNA methylation, a DNA alteration associated with heterochromatin formation and gene silencing. Thus, the chromatin environment can be manipulated to make certain regions of the genome more or less susceptible to transcription; this form of control, in which gene expression patterns are altered without a change in the DNA sequence itself, is defined as epigenetic regulation. Different aspects of plant development have been shown to be controlled by epigenetic regulation. This review will highlight recent advances in understanding the epigenetic control of seed development. They are discussed in light of a model whereby altered epigenetic mechanisms might lead to complete maternal control of reproductive development as seen in apomixis.

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Endosperm degradation during seed development of Echinocystis lobata [Cucurbitaceae] as a manifestation of programmed cell death [PCD] in plants

100%

Wojciechowska M., Olszewska M. J.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

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2003

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tom 41

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nr 1

5

Influence of various algal species on sunflower (Helianthus L.) seed germination and development

84%

Romanowska-Duda Z., Grzesik M., Woznicki P., Andrzejczak M. E., Warzecha D.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1 Suppl.

6

Seed development in Astragalus cemerinus and A. ruscifolius [Fabaceae], and its systematic implications

84%

Riahi M., Zarre S.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 1

111-117

This study focuses on seed development in Astragalus cemerinus and A. ruscifolius, two endemic species of Astragalus in Iran. In both species the ovules are campylotropous, bitegmic and crassinucellate. Two polar nuclei fuse before fertilization, forming the diploid secondary nucleus. Division of the primary endosperm nucleus gives rise to coenocytic endosperm; however, part of it becomes cellular at the late globular stage. The first division of the zygote is transverse and the embryo proper forms after several divisions of the terminal cell. The mature suspensor consists of a mass of cells equal in size to the globular embryo proper, with several inflated cells towards its base. This massive suspensor seems to be plesiomorphic, as compared with the biseriate suspensor known only in section Incani. Abnormalities in the embryo proper as well as in the suspensor are observed at the globular stage. In both A. cemerinus and A. ruscifolius, fusion of the polar nuclei occurs in the median regions of the central cell and before fertilization occurs, as is the rule in most of the Papilionoideae, but in species of section Incani as in a few other species of the family, the polar nuclei approach the egg apparatus before fertilization and do not fuse until fertilization. The embryological characters of A. cemerinus and A. ruscifolius are compared with those of other species of Astragalus, and the taxonomic application of these characters as well as their phylogenetic significance are discussed.

7

Genetic analysis of gametophytic parental effect mutants in Arabidopsis

84%

Skrbo N., Nowack M., Schnittger A., Jurgens G., Hulskamp M., Aalen R. B., Grini P. E.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

8

Contribution of phytocystatins to the processes of seed development and germination

84%

Siminska J., Sitnicka D., Bielawski W.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2013

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tom 94

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nr 3

9

Identification and expression analysis of a novel phytocystatin in developing and germinating seeds of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.)

84%

Siminska J., Bielawski W.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2015

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tom 84

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nr 1

In this paper the complete cDNA sequence of a newly identified triticale phytocystatin, TrcC-7, was analyzed. Because TrcC-7 transcripts were present in seeds, we hypothesized that it may regulate storage protein accumulation and degradation. Therefore, changes in mRNA and protein levels during the entire period of seed development and germination were examined. Expression of TrcC-7 increased during development and decreased at the end of maturation and subsequently increased during seed germination. Based on these results, TrcC-7 likely regulates cysteine proteinase activity during the accumulation and mobilization of storage proteins.

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Are there seed pedestals in Lentibulariaceae?

84%

Plachno B. J., Clivati D., De Miranda V. F. O., Swiatek P.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 2

115-118

The term "seed pedestal" was introduced recently to describe a structure of placental origin connecting a seed with the placenta. Seed pedestals are widespread in Scrophulariaceae and a few adjacent families, but have not been found in Lentibulariaceae so far. Here their presence is reported for Utricularia reniformis from Brazil, and their formation during seed development is described. We observed that the formation of this structure was strictly associated with seed development; seed pedestals were not formed under aborted (unfertilized) ovules

11

Induced embryogenesis via egg cell activation in cereals

84%

Barnabas B., Bakos F., Feher A., Jager K.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

12

The ability of spontaneous autogamy in four orchid species: Cephalanthera rubra, Neottia ovata, Gymnadenia conopsea, and Platanthera bifolia

84%

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2017

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tom 59

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nr 2

The breeding system in Orchidaceae generates many questions about the selfing potential of its representatives. We investigated the ability of spontaneous autogamy of four orchid species: Cephalanthera rubra and Neottia ovata of the Neottieae tribe and Gymnadenia conopsea and Platanthera bifolia of the Orchideae tribe. These species represent diverse specializations of the gynostemium architecture. The self-compatibility and properties of autogamous seeds were determined in a bagging experiment and seed development analysis. After induced autogamy, a high level of fruiting (80-100%) was noted in all of the four study species. C. rubra, N. ovata, and G. conopsea are completely self-compatible, and P. bifolia is suggested to be partially self-compatible. If autogamy occurred, inbreeding depression and resource limitation on seed development appeared only in the two Orchideae species. Independent of flower specialization, both Neottieae species and P. bifolia were completely allogamous, whereas G. conopsea could be facultatively autogamous.

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Cellular accumulation of protein bodies and changes in DNA ploidy level during seed development of Lathyrus tuberosus L.

84%

Knake-Sobkowicz S., Marciniak K.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

Mitotic activity, changes in nuclear DNA content and accumulation of protein bodies during endosperm and embryo development of Lathyrus tuberosus L. (2C DNA 15.1 ± 0.08 pg) were analyzed. A gradual decrease in mitotic activity of embryo cells was observed during seed development. At the final stages of embryogenesis, mitotic activity was noted only in tip meristems and provascular tissue. The decrease in mitotic activity in endosperm was accompanied by an increase in amitosis frequency. Cytophotometry of nuclear DNA revealed that in endosperm the nuclei underwent six endoreplication rounds, reaching 192C. The C DNA level was much higher at the chalazal pole than at the micropylar pole, where it was only 12C. In the cotyledon the nuclear DNA level reached 64C (five endoreplication rounds), while in the hypocotyl-root axis it increased from 2C to 4C. Cells of all Lathyrus tuberosus embryo organs are involved in the synthesis of storage proteins and their accumulation in the form of protein bodies. This process starts ~21 days after fertilization (DAF). Cells containing protein bodies are capable of division. The authors characterized the central and basal zones of cotyledons according to the amount of protein bodies per 400 µm2 of cytoplasm area. Double staining (Feulgen/Coomassie Brilliant Blue R250) was used for measurement of nuclear DNA and storage protein content in the same cells. The ploidy of nuclei correlated with total protein body volume (r = 0.97) in Lathyrus tuberosus cotyledon cells.

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Biochemical changes associated with Brassica juncea seed development. I. Respiratory enzymes

84%

Saroop S., Chanda S. V., Singh Y. D.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1996

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tom 18

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nr 4

67%

Gielwanowska I., Pastorczyk M., Kellmann-Sopyla W.

Papers on Global Change

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2011

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nr 18

Polar vascular plants native to the Arctic and the Antarctic geobotanical zone have been growing and reproducing effectively under difficult environmental conditions, colonizing frozen ground areas formerly covered by ice. Our macroscopic observations and microscopic studies conducted by means of a light microscope (LM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) concerning the anatomical and ultrastructural observations of vegetative and generative tissue in Cerastium arcticum, Colobanthus quitensis, Silene involucrata, plants from Caryophyllaceae and Deschampsia antarctica, Poa annua and Poa arctica, from Poaceae family. In the studies, special attention was paid to plants coming from diversity habitats where stress factors operated with clearly different intensity. In all examinations plants, differences in anatomy were considerable. In Deschampsia antarctica the adaxial epidermis of hairgrass leaves from a humid microhabitat, bulliform cells differentiated. Mesophyll was composed of cells of irregular shapes and resembled aerenchyma. The ultrastructural observations of mesophyll in all plants showed tight adherence of chloroplasts, mitochondria and peroxisomes, surface deformations of these organelles and formation of characteristic outgrowths and pocket concavities filled with cytoplasm with vesicles and organelles by chloroplasts. In reproduction biology of examined Caryophyllaceae and Poaceae plants growing in natural conditions, in the Arctic and in the Antarctic, and in a greenhouse in Olsztyn showed that this plant develops two types of bisexual flowers. Almost all ovules developed and formed seeds with a completely differentiated embryo both under natural conditions in the Arctic and the Antarctic and in a greenhouse in Olsztyn.

Ograniczanie wyników

The initial analysis of the ability for the generative propagation and the level of self-incompatibility of inbred lines of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)

Seed development in Solanum muricatum Aiton

Epigenetic aspects of sexual and asexual seed development

Endosperm degradation during seed development of Echinocystis lobata [Cucurbitaceae] as a manifestation of programmed cell death [PCD] in plants

Influence of various algal species on sunflower (Helianthus L.) seed germination and development

Seed development in Astragalus cemerinus and A. ruscifolius [Fabaceae], and its systematic implications

Genetic analysis of gametophytic parental effect mutants in Arabidopsis

Contribution of phytocystatins to the processes of seed development and germination

Identification and expression analysis of a novel phytocystatin in developing and germinating seeds of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.)

Are there seed pedestals in Lentibulariaceae?

Induced embryogenesis via egg cell activation in cereals

The ability of spontaneous autogamy in four orchid species: Cephalanthera rubra, Neottia ovata, Gymnadenia conopsea, and Platanthera bifolia

Cellular accumulation of protein bodies and changes in DNA ploidy level during seed development of Lathyrus tuberosus L.

Biochemical changes associated with Brassica juncea seed development. I. Respiratory enzymes

The effect of environmental conditions over several years on the seasonal dormancy pattern and germination of Matricaria maritima subsp. inodora seeds

Changes in distribution of 5' methylcytosine in male and female gametophyte of Hyacinthus orientalis before and after fertilization

Regulatory genes that control embryo development

Relationships between seed development stage, germination, occurrence and location of fungi in oilseed rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera L.) seeds and the presence of Alternaria and Cladosporium spp. spores in the air

Semi-permeable layer formation during seed development in Elymus nutans and Elymus sibiricus

Influence of environmental changes on physiology and development of polar vascular plant