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The aim of this study was to determine floristic diversity, the chemical composition, nature value and energy value of selected sedge communities in view of habitat conditions in the Noteć valley. This study was based on a total of 46 relevés prepared according to Braun-Blanquet. The identified communities were represented by common plant associations, both natural or semi-natural. They comprised mainly vegetation of meadows excluded from agricultural use, on fresh and partly moist and very moist soils, of weak acid and neutral reaction. Analysed communities had moderate or high nature value. Sedges and Cyperaceae predominated in their structure, with the greatest share of Caricetum lasiocarpae (76%) and the lowest share of Caricetum distichae (44.6%). No Fabaceae were reported in any of the two plant associations, while herds were found in all associations. The greatest higher heating value and lower heating value were found for communities with Carex lasiocarpa and Carex disticha.
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The distribution of Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. in Poland is described, based on herbarium materials. The list of localities with brief description of its taxonomic characteristics, habitat and general distribution have also been included.
This paper concerns the use of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) methods and the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis to determine microtopography of a natural river valley, case study of the upper Biebrza valley. The scientific problem analyzed in this paper is a morphology of the selected segments of the valley covered by sedge ecosystems which in natural stage form a characteristic tussocks from their root systems. In order to capture the microtopography it was necessary to remove vegetation from the selected areas, and then, for a five typical location, registration of its structure using the laser scanner. As a result the point cloud was generated for each of the selected area and after GIS analysis the microtopography was obtained in form of digital terrain model (DTM). The DTM of each area represents valleys microstructure possible to obtain by use of TLS (TLS DTM), is usually not registered by the Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS), and is the main reason of inaccuracy of the DTM obtained based on ALS. The resulting TLS DTM has been processed by various filtering methods to lower the noise and fi ll the voids from blocking the laser beam by a tussocks. Finally, this allowed to determine the spatial structure of each measurement field.
The sedge Carex pilosa Scop. was studied in beech forest sites situated on 470 m a.s.l. (Kremnické Vrchy Mts), 1290 m a.s.l. (Poľana Mts), 1275 m a.s.l. (Vtáčnik Mts) and 1170 m a.s.l. (Veľká Fatra Mts) in the Western Carpathians (Central Slovakia). The degree of leaf necrotisation was considerably lower in site Kremnické Vrchy Mts. The shortest mean length of shoots was observed in the Poľana Mts (27.3 cm) and the Kremnické Vrchy Mts (36.6 cm), i.e. in forest sites with lack of light in herb layer, the longest in the Veľká Fatra Mts (43.1 cm) and the Vtáčnik Mts (48.8 cm) with looser canopy of forest stands. The mean density of shoots (222> 211> 181> 26 per 1m²), aboveground weight of a one shoot (0.386> 0.345> 0.303> 0.166 g), phytomass (85.7> 72.8> 54.8> 6.2 g m⁻²) and energy storage (1669.4> 1326.5> 1052.8> 119.1 kJm⁻²) of Carex pilosa populations decreased in the following order according the sites: Vtáčnik Mts> Kremnické Vrchy Mts> Veľká Fatra Mts> Poľana Mts. Different sequence was in case of the mean energy content: Vtáčnik Mts> Poľana Mts> Veľká Fatra Mts> Kremnické Vrchy Mts. Significant differences in mean shoot length were found between Carex pilosa population growing in lowest site (Kremnické Vrchy Mts) and populations growing in highest sites (Vtáčnik Mts, Veľká Fatra Mts) with different climatic conditions. The energy content was distinctively higher in the case of the highest situated plots (19.21–19.48 kJ g⁻¹) in comparison with the lowest situated site at the Kremnické Vrchy Mts (18.22 kJ g⁻¹). The insignificant differences were found only between the Poľana Mts and Veľká Fatra Mts plots. Differences in the mean shoot weight were insignificant.
Sedges are attractive ornamental plants, thanks to the specific structure of their inflorescences, perigynium morphology, an interesting habit and extended dates of individual phenological stages varying between species. Analyses were conducted on 15 sedge species differing in traits of their inflorescence shoots and varying in the shape and size of perigynia. Species characteristic of diverse habitats were selected so that they would meet the full spectrum of requirements of landscape architects. A nine-point scale was applied in this study, in which the decorative value of the investigated sedges was assessed. The greatest decorative value scores were recorded for Carex spicata, C. remota and C. pallescens (19 points each) and C. paniculata (18). In contrast, the lowest scores were found for C. ericetorum (12), C. digitata (13) and C. curta (14). Sedges planted in gardens are highly desirable elements of the landscape, particularly thanks to the phenotypic plasticity observed practically in all species throughout the entire vegetative season.
This paper presents the results of the research on the anatomical structure of the stems and leaves and on the sculpture of the nuts of the sedges from section Muehlenbergianae (L.H. Bailey) Kük. The results show, that the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs cannot be an effective criterion of a taxonomical division. The most important interspecific differences occur among shapes and size of the exocarp cells, and among the presence or absence of the silica bodies on the surfaces of the cells. The greatest variation in the features listed above is observed in Carex divulsa Stokes subsp. leersii (Kneucker) W. Koch.
„Kolekcja Narodowa” jest to odpowiednio udokumentowana, wzorcowo oznaczona i prowadzona przez specjalistów systematyczna kolekcja roślinna. Celem programu Kolekcji Narodowych jest zachowanie i poszerzanie istniejących oraz tworzenie nowych kolekcji specjalistycznych. W Ogrodzie Botanicznym w Bydgoszczy Krajowego Centrum Roślinnych Zasobów Genowych IHAR w 2007 roku Polskie Towarzystwo Ogrodów Botanicznych status Kolekcji Narodowej przyznało gatunkom roślin z rodziny turzycowatych Cyperaceae. Materiały roślinne do kolekcji gatunków z rodzaju turzyc gromadzono od 1995 roku. Obiekty, w postaci nasion oraz roślin żywych, pozyskiwano w trakcie ekspedycji terenowych oraz w ramach wymiany z krajowymi i zagranicznymi ogrodami botanicznymi, placówkami badawczymi i hodowlanymi. Narodowa Kolekcja rodziny Cyperaceae liczy obecnie 83 taksony, w tym 60 gatunków z rodzaju Саrех. Wśród zgromadzonych gatunków turzyc, 36 występuje w rodzimej florze. W kolekcji znajduje się 11 gatunków chronionych i zagrożonych.
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