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 The request of the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) to the editors of the scientific journals SCIENCE and NATURE not to publish details on the modified H5N1-virus has surprisingly not caused a discussion on censorship within the scientific community (NSABB, 2012a, P.1). This may show that science generally acknowledges the necessity to cut out sensitive data from research results in publications that may serve as a manual for weapons of mass destruction. In this article the policy of the NSABB and the reaction of the scientific community is discussed, as well as the meaning of censorship in dual use research and how an appropriate organisation of future surveillance in sensitive science fields could be organised: To guarantee future undisturbed work in sensitive science fields, the establishment of an internationally organised frame for scientists dealing with dual-use-research is suggested.
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Francis Bacon and limiting the liberty to learn

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Francis Bacon virtually limits liberty to scientific activity, to the right to choose from the largest possible number of alternatives. This makes science morę creative. Bacon suggests that going beyond the limits of liberty may expose us to danger from the world of politics. This is why Bacon recommends conformism in social life despite the revolutionary naturę of his discoveries.
The manuscript printed below has been written by Prof Jerzy Konorski around 1970, a few years before his death in 1973. The manuscript has not been published before. It was recently discovered in Konorski's papers deposed in the Library of the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology. In his critical review Konorski debates advantages and shortcomings of the physiological approach of Pavlov and purely behavioristic approaches advocated by Hull and Skinner. He supports close cooperation o behaviorists with neurophysiologists and neuroanatomists, with focus on the investigation of the neural mechanisms underlying behavior. Konorski's ideas concerning the integration of the study of behavior and neurophysiology anticipated contemporary path of neuroscience. Indeed, his approach, which at that time appeared somewhat controversial, is universally accepted by contemporary neuroscientists. By contrast, physiological theories of higher mental functions formulated by Pavlov as well as deliberately anti-physiological approaches of Skinner and Hull have all but disappeared from serious scientific discourse. However, the same problems such as strongly promoted self-importance of some branches of neuroscience, the lack of inter-communication between different branches and resulting lack of integrating ideas appear to emerge anew in each new generation of scientists. (Editors of Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis).
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Tree somatic embryogenesis in science and forestry

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Somatic embryogenesis is the latest, and potentially the most efficient, method for the vegetative micropropagation of plants. Over the past three decades, numerous laboratory studies have investigated somatic embryogenesis of forest trees, yielding positive results for a number of economically important tree species. The first test trials were run and plantations were planted with interior spruce in the 90s by CellFor Inc. (Canada). However, at the beginning of the XXI century, the program to produce spruce and Douglas fir somatic seedlings was stopped for economic reasons. Thus, currently no operational program is ongoing except on a small scale in New Brunswick. In order to integrate somatic embryogenesis technology into operational reforestation programs, the production costs of forest tree somatic seedlings needs to be reduced, and the awareness of foresters and forest landowners that the material obtained through somatic embryogenesis is valuable needs to be increased. This awareness would enable implementation of this technology on a large scale for production and forest management throughout Europe including Poland. In this review, the importance of somatic embryogenesis in scientific research and in global and European forestry is presented. Our main aims are to provide basic information on the challenges in researching somatic embryogenesis of forest trees and to raise interest in this tree propagation technique in both scientists and foresters.
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