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Assessing schoolchildren's ability to make proper use of a food and nutrition pyramid

100%

Gornicka M., Wiszniewska Z., Wojtas M., Wawrzyniak A., Kanigowska A.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2013

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tom 64

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nr 2

Background. Being acquainted with nutritional recommendations does not necessarily imply that they are fully understood, nor on how they can be applied when correctly planning an adequate diet. Objective. To determine whether children can recognise single portion sizes of various foodstuffs and to test their ability for planning a daily menu in accordance to the guidelines from a Food and Nutrition Pyramid. Material and methods. Subjects under survey were n=100 children aged 10-11 years, attending two elementary schools: in Warsaw and Piaseczno. The school in Warsaw participated in two national education programmes on food and nutrition (ie. ‘Fruit at School’ and ‘A Glass of Milk’) whilst the other did not participate in any such programmes. The study tool was a questionnaire consisting of closed questions together with practical exercises on planning a dietary balanced menu using the Food and Nutrition Pyramid recommendations. Results. Children could easily recognise single portion sizes (73% correct replies), however they found it more difficult to plan a suitable menu, where 60% met the given specifications; ie. numbers of different food type portions, menu diversity, number of meals as well as taking physical activity into account. Girls were significantly better at planning menus. It was also found that, compared to the guidelines, wheat and dairy products, vegetables and fats were under-represented whereas meat and fruit were chosen in excess. Nearly 80% of menus were sufficiently diverse but only 48% were composed of a typical/normal selection of foodstuffs. Conclusions. Despite being provided with guidelines for preparing appropriate menus, most children failed this task. This was likely due to either not fully understanding the instructions or a lack of skills in adopting the Food and Nutrition Pyramid recommendations. Thus it is necessary to give more comprehensive explanations when teaching nutrition during school lessons as well as letting the children practice doing the practical aspects.

2

Values preferred by pupils at a younger school age

88%

Wolosiuk B.

Rozprawy Naukowe. Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Naukowa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej

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2009

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tom 03

The presented manuscript elaborates on the values preferred by children at a younger school age. In integrated education, the issues of values are inscribed into a wider context, not only school but also educational one, as well as into an axiological context in pedagogy. The manuscript is composed of a theoretical and empirical section. The theoretical section covers literature on the subject and depicts basie problems of axiology. In this section, additionally, the concept of value was defined, selected theories referring to the hierarchy of values were presented and the significance of value in education was depicted. The manuscript addresses issues referring to the perception of values by children at the younger school age. The modeling of specified values proceeds in the course of the upbringing process. The comprehension of morał concepts is strictly linked with the intellectual maturity of pupils. Values preferred by the children at the younger school age were presented based on a survey conducted amongst III class pupils. In the study, use was madę of a technique “Draw and write” elaborated based on a technique of T. Williams, N. Wetton and A. Moon from the University of Sauthampton. Based on the analysis of drawings depicting values most estimated by the pupils, it may be concluded that the most preferred values to them are: family, religious values (God, Jesus), love, home, education, friendship, and health.

3

School tourism and physical education in natural settings based on the principles and practices of outdoor education

75%

Tomik R., Mynarski W.

Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism

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2009

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tom 16

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nr 4

4

Relationship with peers of young school-aged children with type 1 diabetes

75%

Ledwon E., Szlenk-Czyczerska E., Gawlik M.

Medical Science Pulse

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2018

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tom 12

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nr 2

Background: Functioning in a peer group plays an important role in child development. Building self-esteem of children depends on many factors such as physical health, self-evaluation of their physical performance, academic achievement, social support, family relationships, as well as relationships with peers and teachers. Importance of contacts with peers increases during school-age. At this time children are not able to reject the opinion of other people and subject their behaviour completely to the expectations of their peers. When the need for emotional contact is not satisfied, the complex of being different appears. Isolation within group causes a sense of inferiority, the child becomes passive and resigned. Children, who are chronically ill, rejected or isolated often follow negative emotions in their actions, they become aggressive towards other children or do not want to continue learning. Often the decision about an individual teaching plan results in further isolation of the child. The child’s position in the peer group affects the developing personality, self-confidence and self-esteem. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine the interpersonal relationships of young school-aged children with type 1 diabetes in their peer groups. Material and methods: The study was conducted on children with type 1 diabetes and their parents, who are supervised by Clinic of Diabetes, Regional Medical Center in Opole. The research tool used in both groups was a questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions elaborated by the authors of this study. Results: 73% (41) of evaluated children declared that diabetes does not hinder their performance at school. 93% (55) children claimed that they do not hide their condition from their peers. In addition, 61% (34) talk about their illness with their peers and 69% (38) of them can count on their peers’ help in self-control of diabetes. 71.9% (46) of parents of children with type 1 diabetes allow their children to participate in school trips and 68.8% (44) to participate in school competitions. Conclusions: In most children, diabetes does not affect children’s performance at school. They participate in classes, are accepted and liked in their peer group. Chronically ill children should be able to participate in all types of activities as much as their healthy peers. It seems necessary to continue studies on performance of young school-aged children with type 1 diabetes in their peer group.

5

Formative assessment of physical education teachers and self-concept level of primary school children

75%

Jose P., Lopez C.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2023

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tom 41

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nr 01

6

Sport-related traumatic injuries among schoolchildren (a questionnaire study)

75%

Merglova V.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2018

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tom 22

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nr 2

7

Prevalence of asthma and some respiratory symptoms in the years 1995 and 2001 in school children from rural regions of Poland

75%

Emeryk A., Chojna E., Bartkowiak-Emeryk M., Postepski J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2004

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tom 11

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nr 1

The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of asthma and some respiratory symptoms and diseases in schoolchildren from rural regions of Poland in 2001 and to compare these data with previous estimations in 1995. Repeated cross-sectional epidemiological studies were performed among 594 primary schoolchildren in 1995 and 541 in 2001 using the same standardized questionnaire. Lifetime prevalence of "doctor's-diagnosed asthma" increased significantly from 3.4% in 1995 to 9.6% in 2001. This trend may be due to the real increase in the prevalence of asthma and also may be a result of better physician's diagnosis and/or better parents' health education. A substantial increase of asthma-related symptoms (post-exercise breathlessness, wheezing and dyspnoea) was also observed between these years (8.3-17.7%, 6.2-13.2% and 7.6-13.3%, respectively). These results suggest that asthma in Polish schoolchildren is still underdiagnosed.

8

Oxyuriasis in kindergarten and school children from Olsztyn and surroundings

75%

Zoltowska K., Danieluk S.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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1998

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tom 44

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nr 3

9

Longitudinal anthropometric measurements of school children in rural Japan over 40 years

75%

Nohara M., Tsunoda H., Tatsumi M., Nakaya S., Itai K., Mita M., Onoda T., Sato T.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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1994

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tom 01

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nr 2

10

Breakfast cereal as a source of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium for school-age children

63%

Winiarska-Mieczan A., Kwiecien M., Kwiatkowska K., Krusinski R.

Journal of Elementology

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2016

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tom 21

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nr 2

Breakfast cereal is a regular component of daily diets in Poland and in other countries. Since these products are very popular components of diets, they should be a source of key nutrients, including minerals. The objective of the study was: 1) to determine how popular cereals were among young and preteen school children; 2) to verify whether cereals could be a source of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). 232 ready-to-eat products were tested. The content of Na, K, Ca and Mg was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry in a Varian SpectrAA 280 FS. Daily intake of Na, K, Ca and Mg by children (aged 7 - 12 years) from 1 serving of breakfast cereals (1 serving size = 30g cereal + 125 ml milk) was compared with AI (for Na and K) or RDA (for Ca and Mg). The highest content of Na was recorded in cornflakes (approx. 500 mg/100 g), K in bran (more than 250 mg/100 g), Ca in bran and wholegrain cereals (approx. 57 mg/100 g), Mg in bran (nearly 180 mg/100 g). It was found that although cereals were not a rich source of Na, K, Ca and Mg for the studied group of consumers, when prepared with milk their nutritional value was significantly enhanced. One serving of breakfast cereals with milk per day would cover 5 – 17% of AI for Na, 5 - 7% of AI for K , 12 – 17% of RDA for Ca and 10 – 57% of RDA for Mg. Cornflakes, which turned out to be the richest source of Na, were the least valuable in terms of the content of the macroelements, in which they resembled rice flakes. All breakfast cereals, while not being particularly rich in Na, K, Ca and Mg, when prepared with milk have a considerably better value for school-age children and ensure a higher consumption of milk.

11

Frequency of consumption of foods rich in calcium and vitamin D among school-age children

63%

Kostecka M.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2016

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tom 67

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nr 1

Background. Calcium is one of the most important minerals for the human body which is essential for healthy bones and teeth. Vitamin D has hormone-like properties in the human body. It is supplied with the diet, but it is also synthesized by the body under exposure to UV radiation. Vitamin D controls calcium and phosphorus metabolism and is responsible for bone modeling and mineralization. Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate eating habits and food preferences of school-age children meet the demand for calcium and vitamin D, and estimate the frequency of consumption of foods rich in these nutrients. Material and methods. A total of 197 parents of 7- to 9-year-olds attending randomly selected primary schools in Lublin and Świdnik were asked to fill out a questionnaire designed by the authors. The results were processed by the Chi-squared test in the Excel application. Results. Considerable differences in the consumption of milk and dairy products were observed between age groups. In the group of 7-year-olds, 57.5% of children drank milk and ate dairy products at least once a day, whereas in the group of 9-year-olds, only 16.6% of children ate dairy products at least once a day. The intake of foods rich in vitamin D was equally low among the surveyed children. Conclusions. School-age children may be at risk of calcium and vitamin D deficiencies due to low consumption of milk, dairy products and fish, and inadequate vitamin D supplementation. Parents should be educated about nutrition to change the family’s eating habits.

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Detection of Giardia intestinalis assemblages in formalin fixed stool samples collected from school children in the Ghazni Province, eastern Afghanistan

63%

Lass A., Korzeniewski K.

Annals of Parasitology

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2016

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tom 62

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nr Suppl.

13

The appeal of and interest in Nordic walking in the opinion of 9-18-year-old pupils from selected Tricity schools

63%

Pogorzelska M., Frolowicz T., Drobnik P., Cybulska A., Bonislawska I., Bartosiewicz A.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

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2014

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tom 06

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nr 4

Background: The purpose of the research was to check opinions of students of various stages of education in the Pomeranian province about the attractiveness of Nordic Walking in comparison with other activities. Material/Methods: About 500 intentionally selected students participated in the survey. These were students of 11-18 years of age. Half of them participated in Nordic walking PE lessons. The researched students’ schools were localized in the Pomeranian province in Poland. Methods of a diagnostic survey using two questionnaires were applied. The first one was used to assess the level of students’ physical activity and was also used to research health behaviours of children and adolescents in Europe (HBSC). The second one – our own – was created to asses the attractiveness of Nordic walking. In the first part, the subjects ranked Nordic walking in comparison with other forms of physical activity. In the second part, they declared eagerness to attend such lessons. Results: The collected data imply a vast diversity of students’ opinions about the attractiveness of Nordic walking in comparison with other forms of physical activity and indicate the need to do research in the area of students’ preferences in planning PE lessons at school. Conclusions: It seems that in subsequent years of education, NW will gain followers among this group because it is a natural form of movement, whose health effects are starting to be seen not only by teachers but also by students.

14

Dietary habits and locus of control assessed in middle-school pupils from the Malopolska region of Poland

63%

Gacek M.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2013

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tom 64

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nr 2

Background. The formative years of adolescence are a crucial time for developing eating habits which, amongst other factors, are determined by personality traits. Objective. The aim of the study was to estimate eating behaviour in a group of middle school pupils according to gender and locus of control (LOC). Materials and methods. Subjects were n=200 boys and n=200 girls, aged 14-16 living in the Malopolska region of Poland who were surveyed by questionnaire about their eating habits. A standardised Delta questionnaire, by Drwal, was used to assess LOC. Based on the median from the raw LOC scale scores, groups of boys and girls were thereby identified as having high internal (below the median) or high external (above the median) loci of control. The Chi2 test assessed the dependence between LOC and eating habits using PQStat software ver. 1.4.2.324 adopting values of p<0.05 as being statistically significant. Results. Boys were found to consume dairy products significantly more frequently than girls (P<0.001), and likewise for sugary fizzy drinks (P<0.05). Dairy products were consumed daily by 51% girls and 70% boys (P<0.001), whilst fizzy drinks by 32% girls and 43% boys (P<0.05). Girls with an external LOC consumed breakfast (P<0.01) and second breakfast (P<0.001) less regularly, with a less frequent consumption of fruit (P<0.001) and dairy products (P<0.01). Boys having an external LOC consumed meals less frequently (P<0.01), whereas sweets and confectionery products (P<0.001) and fizzy drinks (P<0.05) were consumed more often, compared to boys with an internal LOC. Conclusions. Numerous irregularities in diet and differences in certain eating behaviour have been found in middle school students that relate to their gender and LOC. The more rational and appropriate choices were taken by subjects with an internal LOC.

15

School Fruit Scheme impact on fruit and vegetable consumption among school children

63%

Wolnicka K., Taraszewska A., Jaczewska-Schuetz J.

Żywienie Człowieka i Metabolizm

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2013

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tom 40

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nr 4

Ocena programu „Owoce w szkole” została przeprowadzona wśród uczniów klasy III (9 lat) z 58 losowo wybranych szkół podstawowych z 5 wybranych województw: pomorskiego, opolskiego, wielkopolskiego, podkarpackiego, mazowieckiego. Wybrane województwa były reprezentatywne dla regionów Polski, czyli północy, południa, centrum, wschodu i zachodu. Badanie przeprowadzono w szkołach przed rozpoczęciem dystrybucji owoców i warzyw (październik 2010 r.) oraz pod koniec dystrybucji owoców i warzyw (maj-czerwiec 2011 r.). Badanie przeprowadzono w 38 losowo wybranych szkołach podstawowych uczestniczących w programie „Owoce w szkole” (grupa interwencyjna) oraz w 20 losowo wybranych szkołach nieuczestniczących w programie (grupa kontrolna). Spożycie owoców i warzyw przez uczniów zostało ocenione metodą 3-dniowego zapisu w dzienniczku spożycia. Pod koniec programu „Owoce w szkole” spożycie owoców, warzyw oraz owoców i warzyw ogółem w dni szkolne oraz dni szkolne i weekendowe łącznie było istotnie wyższe w grupie badanej niż w grupie kontrolnej, ale wciąż poniżej zaleceń. Pod koniec programu całkowite spożycie owoców i warzyw w dni szkolne w grupie badanej było 21% wyższe w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną. Wnioski: Wyniki oceny wskazują, że program ma duży potencjał i jest odpowiednim narzędziem do pracy z dziećmi w celu poprawy w przyszłości ich nawyków żywieniowych, związanych z większym spożyciem owoców i warzyw.

16

School pupils and university students surveyed for drinking beverages containing caffeine

63%

Gornicka M., Pierzynowska J., Kaniewska E., Kossakowska K., Wozniak A.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2014

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tom 65

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nr 2

Background. Caffeine is a commonly found ingredient in many beverages. Its main dietary source is coffee, cola drinks and in recent years, energy drinks. Objectives. To compare the consumption of drinks containing caffeine (coffee, colas and energy drinks) and the reasons and circumstances under which they were drunk by middle school (junior high school) pupils and university students. Material and methods. Surveyed subjects were 90 middle school pupils from Warsaw and Kutno together with 100 students attending the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW). A questionnaire, designed by the authors, was used to determine the amounts, frequency and the reasons or circumstances in which coffee, colas and energy drinks were consumed. Statistics used, consisted of the Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square (χ2) tests, with significance taken as α ≤ 0.05. Results. Cola drinks were found to be the most popularly consumed beverages containing caffeine; 97% pupils and 93% students. Coffee was however drunk twice less by pupils compared to students, whilst similar amounts of energy drinks were consumed by both groups; respectively 48% and 53%. Gender differences were observed for the energy drinks with young men drinking the most. Coffee and energy drink consumption also rose with age by respectively 39% and 57%. The mean caffeine intake in pupils and students were respectively estimated to be 141 and 163 mg/day(d). The reasons why these beverages were drunk varied, from drinking coffee to keeping awake and drinking cola because of its good taste. Pupils also drank energy drinks due to its taste but students because of improved mental performance and in staying awake. Conclusions. Drinking caffeine containing drinks by adolescents can be very variable and comes from many different sources. Thus, its intakes may be very high and so require monitoring, particularly for the youngest. Further observational studies are needed to assess the consumption of energy drinks in relation to physical activity.

17

Healthy Smile Prevention project in Slovakia with students DH Klinik in Presov. Final report of study: cariosity of teeth among schoolchildren within two groups in Slovakia in 2002, 2005, 2007 and 2009

63%

Koval'ova E., Eliasova A., Adamisin P., Koval A.

Health Problems of Civilization

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2015

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tom 09

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nr 2

In the thesis the authors present complex results of the epidemiological study of oral health of the 6 - 12-year old schoolchildren attending elementary schools in Prešov (Slovakia) who participated in the Healthy Smile Prevention Project. The participants of the Project were represented by the pre-school children and schoolchildren from the age of 4 years attending the pre-school facilities and elementary schools and the project was performed by the dental hygienist, dental disease prevention officer, and school dental care assistant under supervision of a dental practitioner. The oral health of the abovementioned project participants was compared with the oral health of the group of children not participating in the prevention project. The project was supported by the Swiss company GABA.

18

Evaluation of the effect of physical activity on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-aged children

63%

Anisko B., Wojciak P., Zurek P.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2022

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tom 40

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nr 04

19

Risk factors for obesity development in school children from South-Eastern Poland

63%

Mazur A., Klimek K., Telega G., Hejda G., Wdowiak L., Malecka-Tendera E.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2008

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tom 15

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nr 2

20

Preferences, consumption and choice factors for milk and its products among school children

63%

Wadolowska L., Babicz-Zielinska E., Schlegel-Zawadzka M., Przyslawski J., Czarnocinska J.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2002

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tom 11/52

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nr 2

The preferences and frequency of consumption of milk and its products were evaluated among school children together with determining the significance of factors affecting the choice of the products. The studies were carried out among 1498 school children (820 girls and 678 boys aged 15 to 19 years) from selected regions of northern, central and eastern Poland. The preferences were determined for 13 groups of dairy products by test method with a 5-point hedonic scale. For the same groups of products, the studies on consumption frequency were conducted using a 5- point scale. The significance of factors affecting the choice of the analysed products was determined for their 13 groups by the test based on a 3- point hedonic scale. The dairy products that were preferred the most and consumed most frequently by school children included fruit fermented milk beverages and ripening cheeses. Milk was less preferred though it took the first place in ranking the consumption frequency. The preferences of individual dairy products and the frequency of consumption were significantly correlated for the groups of boys and girls. The factors considered in the choice of dairy products included, above all, the quality factors of the product, in this sensory properties, and to a lesser degree the nutritional value. The sex was of minor importance to the significance of choice factors.

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