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Rumex confertus is one of the alien species vigorously entering native meadow as well as ruderal communities in major river valleys. In about a hundred years the species invaded almost the whole territory of Poland. Many reports stating that Russian Dock may reach high coverage in various phytocoenoses contradict those of its low generative reproduction efficiency. In communities where it most frequently occurs, germination is hindered by the lack of empty spaces. In such conditions the population size remains stable due to vegetative reproduction. Only hay-growing meadows seem to promote the influx of new genets into population, which is likely associated with vegetation cover removal and periodic reduction of competition from other species.
In the present paper, the ruderal vegetation of a small town is characterized. Based on phytosociological studies, 43 associations and 5 communities were distinguished in eight functional and spatial complexes. For most of them, the diagnostic communities were identified and compared with the literature. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the type of ruderal community and spatial structure of the town, and to determine whether there are any differences in the ecological requirements of ruderal species found in those complexes based on selected Ellenberg indicator values. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the type of ruderal community and spatial structure of the town, and to determine whether there are any differences in the ecological requirements of ruderal species found in those complexes based on selected Ellenberg indicator values. Differences in median values for different complexes were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test.
The article presents plant communities of the projected nature reserve Matunin, which covers a fragment of a flood terrace of the River Odra valley and includes the Matunin oxbow lake (situated near Jelcz) and its surroundings: alluvial meadows, fields and patches of riverine shrubs and forests. Many interesting and rare plant communities, bound to oxbow lakes and riverine floodedareas, such as Trapetum natantis, Lemno minoris-Salvinietum natantis, Nupharo-Nymphaeetum albae, Rhamno-Cornetum sanguinei and Ficario-Ulmetum minoris have been found here.
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