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Diffusion-weighted MRI of kidney in the diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma of various grades of differentiation

100%

Mytsyk Y., Dutka I., Komnastka I., Gorecki A., Yuriy B., Shatynska-Mytsyk I.

Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research

2015

tom 09

nr 1

Introduction. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant epithelial tumour of the kidney, accounting for 85–90% of all solid renal tumours in adults and comprising 1–3% of all malignant visceral neoplasms. Recently, computed tomography (CT) has been considered the ‘gold standard’ in the diagnostic imaging of RCC; however, the use of CT is always associated with radiation exposure and consequently carries a significant increase in the risk of malignancy for patients with neoplastic processes. In recent years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly attracting the attention of clinicians as the method of choice for the diagnosis and staging of RCC, due to several advantages over CT. Materials and method. The study involved 62 adult patients with a pathologically verified clear cell subtype of the renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and 15 healthy volunteers. All patients underwent renal MRI which included diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with subsequent apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement. Results. A significant difference was observed in the mean ADC value of the normal renal parenchyma and ccRCC – 1.82 ± 0.16 × 10– 3 mm2/s vs 2.15 ± 0.12 × 10– 3 mm2/s, respectively (р < 0,05). Additionally, statistically reliable differences in ADC values in patients with high and low ccRCC grades were obtained: in patients with the I grade, the mean ADC value was 1.92 ± 0.12 × 10– 3 mm2/s, in patients with the II grade, this value was 1.84 ± 0.14 × 10– 3 mm2/s, in patients with the III grade, the mean ADC value was 1.79 ± 0.12 × 10– 3 mm2/s, and in patients with the IV grade of nuclear polymorphism the mean ADC value was 1.72 ± 0.11 × 10– 3 mm2/s (p <0.05). Conclusions. The data obtained in the survey show a significant restriction in the diffusion of hydrogen molecules in tissues of ccRCC, compared to the healthy renal parenchyma due to the tumour’s greater density. A statistically significant difference was observed in the mean ADC values of ccRCC tumours with different Fuhrman nuclear grades: tumours with a low grade of differentiation demonstrated higher mean ADC values compared to highly differentiated tumours. Application of DWI modality of MR imaging with ADC calculation allows to obtain valuable information that is vital for the diagnosis of ccRCC and differentiation of its degree of malignancy.

Expression of PiT1 and PiT2 retroviral receptors and transduction efficiency of tumor cells

100%

Grabarczyk P., Wysocki P. J., Gryska K., Mackiewicz A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

2002

tom 49

nr 2

Recombinant retroviral vectors are still the most common gene delivery vehicles for gene therapy purposes, especially for construction of genetically modified tumor vaccines (GMTV). However, these vehicles are characterized by relatively low titre and in the case of many tumor cell lines, low transduction efficiency. We constructed bicistronic retroviral vector pseudotypes of amphotropic murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) and gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV), encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a rapid and easily detectable reporter gene. Transduction of five different human melanoma and four renal carcinoma cell lines by these two virus pseudotypes revealed differences in transduction efficiency, which wase markedly lower for the renal carcinoma cell lines. Stimulation of retroviral receptor expression (PiT1 and PiT2) by phosphate depletion induced a limited increase of receptor mRNA levels, but did not improve the gene transfer efficiency. In contrast, simultaneous transduction with both vector pseudotypes markedly increased the transduction efficiency, compared to GaLV or A-MuLV alone. The same effect could be achieved by several repeated exposures of target cells to fresh vector preparation. Overexpression of GaLV receptor (PiT1) in target cells significantly increased the transduction rate and enabled retrovirus mediated gene transfer into the cells which normally are not transducible by GaLV pseudotypes. We demonstrated that, using different transduction strategies, the relatively inefficient, widely used retroviral vector systems could be significantly improved.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Biochimica Polonica

1 Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research

1 Dutka I.

1 Gorecki A.

1 Grabarczyk P.

1 Gryska K.

1 Komnastka I.

1 Mackiewicz A.

1 Mytsyk Y.

1 Shatynska-Mytsyk I.

1 Wysocki P. J.

1 Yuriy B.

1 2015

1 2002

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Diffusion-weighted MRI of kidney in the diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma of various grades of differentiation

Expression of PiT1 and PiT2 retroviral receptors and transduction efficiency of tumor cells