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The experiment was carried out on sheep and lambs inoculated orally with 10 000 mc P. fasciolaemorpha. Some of the animals were given intramuscular injections of the somatic antigen from adult flukes together with complete Freund’s adjuwant against parasitic infection. Changes in the percentage of T lymphocytes were examined. A slight increase in the number of T lymphocytes was observed in infected animals but stronger reaction was found in lambs. In adult sheep the average intensity of infection was 27.89% compared with only 9.41% in lambs. Statistically significant high levels of lymphocytes also occurred in infected animals after intramuscular immunization up to the and of the prepatent phase of infection. This increase took place more rapidly and was higher in comparison with nonimmunized hosts. In immunized animals the average intensity was lower: 7.33% in sheep and 3.85% in lambs.
3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid (HMB) in immunological reactions generated by nutritional allergy in guinea pigs The systemic immune responses were examined in pa- renterally milk-sensitized guinea pigs. This type of sensitization simulating alimentary allergy led to positive passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) responses and high IgG titers against beta lactoglobulin (beta-LG). A further increase in IgG titers induced by a dietary supplement of HMB was observed. These results indicate that HMB increases immune responses of parenterally milk-sensitized guinea pigs as expressed by IgG beta-LG antibodies and PCA titers. What concerns the alimentary, this effects is not of an advantage and suggests that HMB - treated animals can be more allergic to food consumption.
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According to the data from the last 4 years, 3.8% of all diagnosed parasitoses are giardiases. During 5 years Giardia intestinalis was found in 24 chiidren hospitalized in the General Hospital of the Wrocław Voivodship: in 14 girls and 10 boys, 2-12 years old. The parasite was identified coproscopically and on the basis of clinical symptoms. Before the medication, the blood was taken from each child to determine the serotonin level and the (MAO) monoaminooxydaze, enzyme metabolizing serotonin acivity in the blood serum. The results were compared to the values obtained in the control group of 10 healthy children, 3-12 years old. III children were divided into two groups: first consisted of 12 children, 2-5 years old, second - of 12 children, 6-12 years old. In the first group 210% increase of the serotonin level in the blood and slight 32,4% increase of the MAO activity were observed in comparison with the control group. In the second group the serotonin level in the blood increased 221 % in comparison with the control, while the MAO actmty increased 45.1 %. In older children marced clinical symptoms could be observed, mainly malfunction of the alimentary tract, microelements shortage and anemia. The highest level of serotonin and MAO activity was found in the child with bile duet irritation. The reason for the increased level of serotonin and MAO activity can be pathogenic action of parasite's trophozoites and cysts on the jejunum mucosa and mobilization, proliferation and degranulation of tissue mastocytes. Serotonin, released from mastocytes, can be the cause of enhanced peristalsis and mucosa congestion.
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