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1

A novel polymorphism within intron B of growth hormone gene (GH2) of the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

100%

Panicz R., Zych S., Grzesiak W.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2014

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tom 29

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nr 2

Nucleotide composition of both growth hormone variants of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) has been strongly preserved evolutionally what might suggest that any change within these sequences can have an influence on the functioning of the somatotropic axis. A 121 bp fragment that contained nearly the entire B intron was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. PCR products were bidirectionally sequenced. PCR products were digested by TaiI according to manufacturer’s instructions and resulting DNA was subjected to electrophoresis. An analysis of the gene fragment for growth hormone 2 showed the presence of SNP, easily identifiable by means of digestion with TaiI restriction enzyme. Statistical analysis confirmed that homozygous GHBB fish were the longest (31.77 cm) and the heaviest (404.70 g) and were statistically significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) from heterozygous GHAB fish. Mean length of GHAA homozygous fish was insignificantly lower (30.06 cm) with mean body weight of 339.12 g than homozygotes GHBB.

2

Experimental infection with epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) and European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.)

100%

Borzym E., Maj-Paluch J.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2015

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tom 59

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nr 4

The aim of this study was the determination of the susceptibility of Polish farmed redfin perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) to experimental infection with haematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV). A bath challenge model was tested at two temperature ranges: 13-15°C and 20-22°C. After 7 d, the first clinical signs and mortality were observed in fish kept at these temperatures. Significantly more mortality cases were reported in the redfin perch population, reaching a maximum of 24% compared with 12% in the rainbow trout group at 20-22°C. EHNV was reisolated from redfin perch and rainbow trout tissue in cell culture and the infection was confirmed by a molecular method and histopathology during the duration of the experiment. This study revealed that fish from Polish farms can be susceptible to EHNV even at lower temperatures.

3

Effect of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate on some biochemical parameters in rainbow trouts [Oncorhynchus mykiss]

100%

Turkmen G.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2004

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tom 60

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nr 05

4

Use of complementary feeding stuff Ichtio Hexan to control Spironucleus salmonis infections in rainbow trout

86%

Puk K., Guz L., Sopinska A.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2014

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tom 70

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nr 10

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of Ichtio Hexan (a complex blend of Allium sativum extract, Chelidonium majus extract, Origanum vulgare extract, carvacrol and cinnamic aldehyde) for the control of spironucleosis (hexamitosis) in rainbow trout fingerlings. For this purpose, three groups of rainbow trout naturally infected with S. salmonis were fed diets containing either no Ichtio Hexan or supplemented with Ichtio Hexan at a rate of 0.1 ml/kg bw (group 1) or 1 ml/kg bw (group 2) for 38 days. During this period mortalities were recorded and the dead fish were examined to confirm the isolations of S. salmonis. At the end of the experiment the fish were sacrificed, individually weighed and measured, their livers removed and weighed. In order to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection the intestinal contents were examined. The results of the present study showed that Ichtio Hexan in an amount of 0.1 ml/kg bw considerably reduced mortality caused by S. salmonis in rainbow trout fingerlings. The number of S. salmonis trophozoites in the digestive tract after administration of Ichtio Hexan at this dose for 38 days was significantly reduced and limited only to the posterior part of the intestine. On the other hand, in the 1 ml/kg bw fed group none of the fish were infected and the gain in the body weight was significantly increased; however, the mortality rate was similar to the control group. The experimental groups did not differ significantly from each other with regards to the condition factor and hepatosomatic index. Considering the above findings, Ichtio Hexan at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg bw can be successfully used in rainbow trout farms to reduce the mortality rate in S. salmonis infected fish.

5

Effect of sex reversal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) using 17alpha-methyltestosterone and 11beta-hydroxyandrostenedione

86%

Kuzminski H.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2010

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tom 18

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nr 1

6

Characteristics of acid phosphatase from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) spermatozoa

86%

Sarosiek B., Wysocka J., Wysocki P., Glogowski J.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2005

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tom 13

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nr 2

Acid phosphatase (AcP) is a commonly observed enzyme in animal semen. In this study, AcP in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) spermatozoa was partly purified and characterized. Extraction in 0.85% NaCl with 0.1% Triton X-100 enabled obtaining 95% of total AcP activity observed in sperm supernatant. Kinetic characteristics were described for the enzyme from sperm extract and for the partly purified enzyme following gel filtration. The optimum pH was 5.8 for unpurified and 5.6 for partly purified enzyme. The affinity of the substrates measured in the sperm extract for p-nitrophenylphosphate dissodium salt and b-glycerophosphate was Km = 1.5 × 10-3M and Km = 1.9 × 10-3M, respectively. The Km for partly purified enzyme was similar at 1.67 × 10-3M measured with p-nitrophenylphosphate dissodium salt. L-tartaric acid and ammonium molybdate were the inhibitors of AcP for unpurified and partly purified enzyme. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis revealed that AcP from rainbow trout had a molecular weight of about 41 kDa.

7

Observation of red blood cell alterations in triploid rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss]

86%

Johari S. A., Kalbassi M. R., Sourinezhad I., Wlasow T.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Piscaria

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2008

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tom 07

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nr 1-4

49-52

8

The effects of different artificial light colours on the growth rate of embryo and juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)

86%

Dadfar F., Bahaoddini A., Esmaeili H. R., Fopp-Bayat D.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2017

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tom 32

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nr 1

The colour of light is a very important environmental factor that affects fish physiology. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different colours of light on weight gain, length, condition factor and specific growth rates of the juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The study employed fertilized eggs that were exposed separately to seven colour lamps including white (573 nm, control), azure (397 nm), blue (459 nm), green (524 nm), yellow (586 nm), orange (611 nm) and red (742 nm). The experiment was conducted for 5 months (from fertilization until the fish reached 2 g wet weight) at the Sheshpir fish farm (west of Fars province), Iran. After yolk sac absorption, the weight and length of randomly sampled fish were measured monthly. The results showed that weight parameters of fish exposed to yellow (0.562 ± 0.13) and white (0.547 ± 0.13) coloured light were higher (p ≤ 0.05) than fish subjected to the other colours. The highest length growth was observed in fish exposed to yellow (3.91 ± 0.16) and white (3.61 ± 0.10) light, respectively. The highest growth rate (4.641 ± 0.29) and condition factor (2.00 ± 0.03) were observed in fish maintained under yellow light.

9

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Biochemical changes in the muscle tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) disinfected by chloramine-T

86%

Tkachenko H., Grudniewska J.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2016

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tom 20

Chloramine-T is a widely used disinfectant for the treatment of gill diseases of fish in freshwater, and more recently attention has turned to its use in seawater. However, despite the wide use of chloramine-T, few studies have examined its toxicity to fish. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine the effects of disinfection by Chloramine-T on the muscle tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) using oxidative stress biomarkers (levels of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins) and biochemical enzymes’ activity (alanine- and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) to observe the its toxic effects. The endpoints obtained from this study will be useful to monitor the effects of disinfectant bathing with Chloramine-T for this species of fish. In the disinfectant group, rainbow trout (n = 11) were exposed to Chloramine-T in final concentration of 9 mg per L. Control group of trout (n = 11) was handled with water from basin in the same way as Chloramine-T exposed group. Fish were bathed with Chloramine-T for 20 min and repeated three times every 3 days. Two days after the last bathing fish were sampled to study. Our results showed that Chloramine-T bathing caused the decrease of the lipid peroxidation as well as ALT and AST activity and significant decrease of LDH activity (by 339%, p = 0.017) compared to controls. Chloramine-T markedly affects on lactate and pyruvate metabolism and resulted to decrease of LDH activity. Correlative analysis revealed that the lipid peroxidation level is correlated with ALT and AST activity in the muscle tissue of unhandled control group. In the muscle tissue of trout disinfected by Chloramine-T, LDH activity is correlated positively with ALT and AST activity. Thus, the skeletal muscles of fish play an important role in the processing of lactate through the gluconeogenic and glycogenic pathways including a greater potential for biosynthesis. Our studies indicated that Chloramine-T in dose of 9 mg per L could at least partly attenuate oxidative stress and can be used for prophylactic disinfecting treatment of rainbow trout. Oxidative stress and biochemical alterations could be effectively used as potential biomarkers of Chloramine-T toxicity to the fish in the warning signal for pharmaceutical exposure to aquatic organisms. However, more detailed studies on using of these specific biomarkers to monitor the disinfectant treatment in aquaculture are needed.

10

STAT, a comprehensive statistical analysis software as a tool for determining changes in individual weight of rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss Walb.] cultured in seawater

86%

Wawrzyniak W.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Acta Biologica. Uniwersytet Szczeciński

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1999

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tom 05

11

Factors influencing spawning season and ovulation time in rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss]

86%

Goryczko K.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

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1997

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tom 44

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nr 1-2

12

Carotenoid contents in the body of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, from different habitats

86%

Wozniak M.

Folia Universitatis Agriculturae Stetinensis. Piscaria

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2000

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tom 27

13

Effects of selected external parameters on changes in individual weight of the rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss Walb.] Kept in a sea-water culture, as determined with the 'Korelacje' computer package

86%

Wawrzyniak W.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Acta Biologica. Uniwersytet Szczeciński

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1999

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tom 05

14

In vitro influence of ciprofloxacin on selected functions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) leucocytes

72%

Sieroslawska A., Siwicki A. K.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2003

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tom 06

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nr 3 Suppl.

15

Oxidative stress biomarkers in the heart and liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) upon disinfection by formalin

72%

Tkachenko H., Grudniewska J.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2017

|

tom 21

To evaluate the effect of formalin disinfection on the oxidative stress biomarkers in the cardiac and hepatic tissue, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) were assigned into test and control groups. The test group was disinfected by formalin in final concentration 200 mL per m3. Fish were bathed for 20 min, three times, every 3 days. Two days after the last bathing fish were sampled. 2-Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and carbonyl derivatives of protein oxidative destruction, as well as antioxidant defense biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase activity, total antioxidant capacity) were determined. The formaldehyde- exposed animals showed decrease of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins and increased superoxide dismutase activity in the hepatic tissue compared to untreated group. In cardiac tissue, TBARS level, aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins were increased in formalin-exposed trout and down-regulated antioxidant status versus control group. It could be concluded that the disinfection of rainbow trout by formalin not contributed to the hepatic injury and may not be toxic. Toxic effect to cardiac tissue was more considerable.

16

Cell-mediated immunity in yellow forms in rainbow trout

72%

Siwicki A., Dobosz S., Goryczko K., Kuzminski H., Kohlmann K., Trapkowska S., Kazun B.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2003

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tom 06

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nr 3 Suppl.

17

Methodology to fish production efficiency evaluation

72%

Wozniak M., Skibniewska K. A., Guziur J., Zakrzewski J., Szarek J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries

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2018

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tom 21

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nr 2

18

Stress response in rainbow trout during infection with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and formalin bath treatment

72%

Jorgensen T. R., Buchmann K.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2007

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tom 37

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nr 1

25-28

Background. Ectoparasitic infections of fish are considered to be stress inducing. However, only a few studies have addressed this topic. In addition, formalin bath treatment of rainbow trout is a generally applied method of controlling ectoparasites, but the stress response in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, as a result of such treatments with formalin, has not received much attention and therefore needs further elucidation. The present investigation addresses the stress-response induced by parasites and formalin treatment. Materials and Methods. Concentrations of plasma cortisol were monitored using ELISA. Samples were taken from groups subjected to confinement stress, infection with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and formalin bath treatment. Results. Rainbow trout clearly responded to harmful stimuli by increasing plasma cortisol concentrations. Confinement, formalin bath treatment, as well as infection with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis resulted in significant high cortisol concentrations in plasma compared to the unhandled and uninfected control groups. Conclusion. The present study showed that cortisol release in rainbow trout is associated with infection with the skin ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Formalin, which is used to control the parasite infection, also elicited a high production of this immuno-suppressing hormone in the host.

19

Effects of oral vaccination against Yersinia ruckeri on oxidative stress biomarkers in gills, liver and heart of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum)

72%

Tkachenko H., Grudniewska J., Pekala A.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2017

|

tom 21

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of oral vaccination against Yersinia ruckeri based on oxidative stress biomarkers in different tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Vaccine consisted of three Y. ruckeri strains (O1 serotype) that originated from rainbow trout cultured on the different farms, where fish exhibited clinical signs of enteric redmouth disease. Concentrated vaccine was incorporated in the fish food; treatment was delivers three times at one day intervals. One month after immunization, gills, hepatic and cardiac tissues were sampled. The vaccinated trout showed tissue-specific oxidative stress responses in the gills, liver, and heart. The gill tissue was the most sensitive to oxidative damage among the samples. Accumulation of oxidative stress biomarkers in the rainbow trout was tissue-specific with following accumulation: gills > heart > liver. These results suggest that the trout expressed tissue-specific oxidative stress mechanisms due to anti- Yersinia vaccine treatment. There were no statistically significant alterations in the activities of antioxidant defenses instead superoxide dismutase activity in the hepatic and cardiac tissue and glutathione peroxidase activity in the gills of vaccinated trout. Correlative analysis confirmed the role of catalase in the antioxidant defense in vaccinated trout. The oxidative stress biomarkers, i.e. content of oxidative modified proteins in the gills, and liver, and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level in the gills, and total antioxidant capacity in the liver, were sensitive to vaccination of trout against Y. ruckeri and may potentially be used as biomarkers in evaluating vaccine toxicity in rainbow trout.

20

Heads or tails - fish hatching

72%

Lugowska K., Sarnowski P.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2011

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tom 41

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nr 1

Background. Hatching is a process in which the embryo emerges from the egg by breaking the protective egg shell. Our preliminary observations indicate that hatching duration and time-distribution may vary among and within the fish species, and that some embryos fail to hatch or hatch incompletely, probably due to the “incorrect” hatching way. So the aim of this study was a detailed description of hatching of three fish species: common carp, barbel, and rainbow trout. Materials and methods. Three species of fish: common carp, Cyprinus carpio; barbel, Barbus barbus; and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss; were examined for their hatching modes. The mode and the time of hatching of each larva were noted. Newly hatched larvae were counted and examined. The malformations were classified. Observations of embryos and larvae were done using the stereoscopic microscope Nikon connected to the computer with the MultiScan 8.4 image analysis system; the hatching embryos and larvae were photographed. Results. Three modes of hatching were observed, two of them similar in all three fish species. Some fish started hatching tail first from the egg shell, others head first or—specifically for barbel—yolk sac first. The data obtained in the present study showed that tail hatching was the most successful in all fish species, and shown by most good quality larvae. The majority of tail-hatched larvae developed normally and were viable, and only some of them were deformed and showed slight morphological defects, mainly single vertebral malformations that in most cases were negligible. Head hatching was the precarious in carp, and in all fish species less common and successful comparing to the tail hatching. Conclusion. The hatching mode could be used as another good parameter for estimation of quality of eggs and larvae.

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