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Maria Sklodowska-Curie, her life and work - the 150 anniversary of her birthday

100%
Dobrzynska M. M.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
|
2017
|
tom 68
|
nr 3
Maria Skłodowska was born on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw (Poland). Her parents were teachers. Maria’s mother has died in 1878 of tuberculosis. In 1893 and 1894, respectively, Maria was awarded master’s degrees in physics and in mathematics from the Sorbonne University. In 1895 Maria married Pierre Curie. In 1897 their daughter Irene was born. Maria investigated rays emitted by uranium salts. She hypothesized that the radiation come from atom and called this phenomenon “radioactivity”. In 1898, Maria and Pierre discovered new radioactive elements polonium and radium. In 1902 she isolated pure radium chloride and defined radium atomic mass. In June 1903, Maria supervised by Professor Lippmann was awarded her doctorate in physics from the Sorbonne University of Paris after presentation of the thesis “Investigation of radioactive bodies”. In December 1903, Maria was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, along with her husband Pierre and Henri Becquerel, for their work on radioactivity. In 1904, the daughter Eve was born. On 19 April 1906, Pierre was killed in a road accident in Paris. In 1910 Maria isolated radium as a pure metal. She also defined an international standard for radioactive emissions (curie), published her fundamental results on radioactivity and textbook of radiology. She also defined the international pattern of radium. In 1911, she won her second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, for her discovery of radium and polonium. In 1914 she was appointed director in the Radium Institute in Paris. During World War I, Maria became the director of the Red Cross Radiology Service and set up France’s first military radiology centre. In May 1932 she has attended the official opening ceremony of the Radium Institute in Warsaw. On 4 July 1934, Maria Skłodowska-Curie has died aged 66 years in Sancellemoz sanatorium (France) of aplastic anemia.
2

Natural radioactivity of soil and sediment samples collected from postindustrial area

84%
Sleziak M., Petryka L., Zych M.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2010
|
tom 19
|
nr 5
Contents of a typical postindustrial pond that was used 12 years previously as a tank for collecting waste water pumped from a coal mine was evaluated on the basis of 19 samples collected from the pond and surrounding area. Measurements of radium, thorium, and potassium, plus cesium activity, were performed with the use of a germanium detector – HPGe 4020 by examining photons with energy in the range 0.5 MeV to 3 MeV. In consequence, the concentrations of such radioisotopes as 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and, 137Cs were determined by their decay products, but the radiation effect of natural radioisotopes was estimated by I1 and I2 coefficients. The investigation shows the most contaminated residue in the sediments at the bottom of the settling tank.
3

Natural radioactivity in underground waters

84%
Walencik A., Kozlowska B., Dorda J., Szlapa P., Zipper W.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2010
|
tom 19
|
nr 2
461-465
Nine underground water springs from the Szczawno-Jedlina health resort and one from Zagorze Śląskie were investigated for natural radioactivity content (²²²Rn, ²²⁶,²²⁸Ra, ²³⁸,²³⁴U). In order to obtain the necessary data, two different nuclear spectrometry techniques were applied: a liquid scintillation counter that enabled us to determine ²²²Rn and ²²⁶,²²⁸Ra isotope content, and α spectrometer for measurements of uranium isotopes (²³⁴,²³⁸U) in investigated samples. The activity concentrations of ²²²Rn in investigated samples varied from 6 Bq/l to 227 Bq/l. For radium isotopes the concentrations ranged from 13 mBq/l to 808 mBq/l for ²²⁶Ra and from below 30 mBq/l to 184 mBq/l for ²²⁸Ra. The activity concentrations for uranium isotopes varied from 2.4 mBq/l to 964 mBq/l for ²³⁴U, and from 1.0 mBq/l to 725 mBq/l for ²³⁸U. The isotopic ratios between uranium and radium isotopes (²²⁶Ra/²²⁸Ra, ²²⁶Ra/²³⁸U, ²³⁴U/²³⁸U) and annual effective doses due to these isotopes’ consumption were evaluated. Risk levels due to carcinogenic effects of ²²⁶,²²⁸Ra and ²³⁴,²³⁸U radionuclides consumed with water were estimated.
4

Radium-226 in water and sediments of the Southern Baltic Sea

67%
Kowalewska G.
Oceanologia
|
1986
|
tom 23
5

Badanie dzialania drazniacego i uczulajacego katalizatora radowego

67%
Steplewski Z., Jaskolecki H., Malecka H., Tyrpien M., Stehlik E.
Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna
|
1993
|
tom 26
|
nr 4
271-273
Określono działanie drażniące i uczulające acetoacetonianodikarbonylorodu i trifenylofosfiny - składników katalizatora rodowego.
6

Size estimation and protection of the areas supplying radon to groundwater intakes

67%
Przylibski T. A.
Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska
|
2000
|
tom 26
|
nr 1
7

Changes in the concentration of radon-222 and its daughter products in the air of the underground tourist route in Walim [Lower Silesia]

67%
Przylibski T. A.
Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska
|
2000
|
tom 26
|
nr 3
8

Pomiary stezenia radonu w budynkach przedszkoli i zlobkow w regionie polnocno-wschodniej Polski

59%
Zalewski M., Karpinska M., Mnich Z., Kapala J.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
|
1998
|
tom 49
|
nr 2
207-212
Zmierzono stężenia radonu Rn-222 w 58 przedszkolach i żłobkach. W żadnym z budynków nie stwierdzono przekroczenia obowiązujących limitów.
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