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We have cloned and sequenced the two intervening transcribed spacers in the rDNA repeat unit of three Aspergillus species — A. nidulans, A. aw amort and A. wentii. The A. wentii and A. awamori spacers are almost identical and share a high degree of homology with the A. nidulans spacers. All spacers have a high G-C content (66%-76%) and the potential of forming complex secondary structures, which may indicate that they play a role in the maturation of pre-rRNA molecules.
Parabronema skrjabini is a spirurid nematode of the family Habronematidae that lives in the abomasum of ruminants such as sheep and goats. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular aspects of Parabronema skrjabini in sheep. The worms were collected from sheep in Sanandaj (west of Iran). The first internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) nucleotide fragments of Parabronema skrjabini were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two pairs of specific primers (Para-Ir-R and Para-Ir-F). ITS1 homology in the sequence of this study was 69% compared with the sequence data in GenBank. To our knowledge, this is the first study in the world exploring the genetic diversity of P. skrjabini in sheep based on ITS1.
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Sirt7 an emerging sirtuin: deciphering newer roles

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The identification of twenty four yeast isolates from cheese performed with API ID 32C simplified assimilation test and restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region was compared. The accordance of the results of both methods for eleven strains identified as Candida famata, five strains as C. lipolytica and four strains as C. sphaerica was observed. However, the other four yeast isolates classified with API as C. sphaerica revealed amplification products as well as restriction patterns characteristic for C. famata species.
Mitochondrial ND1 gene sequences were obtained from 56 isolates of E. granulosus from pigs collected in Central and East Europe (Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine) and from 5 isolates of E. granulosus from humans collected in Poland. No differences have been found between isolates from all pigs and between those from pigs and humans; all sequences were identical or very similar to the published sequence of the G7 strain. Additionally, 21 clones of the ITS1 rDNA obtained from 5 isolates of E. granulosus collected from pigs in 3 countries and 1 human isolate from Poland, were sequenced. Our data do not confirm the existence of specific G9 strain of E. granulosus in humans (Scott et al. 1997). Moreover, high sequence divergence found between and within the isolates indicates a strong polymorphism of ITS rDNA copies making use of this gene for identification of E. granulosus strains and reconstruction of their phylogenetic relationships questionable.
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