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The activity of IgG, IgM and IgE antibodies to somatic antigen of Trichinella spiralis in the sera of patients with trichinellosis at various intervals after infection was examined by means of ELISA. Mathematical analysis of the dose-response curves was used. Elevated level of IgG and IgM antibodies of relatively high avidity and of rather low IgE avidity was documented. Amount or avidity ofIgG antibodies was found to be most useful for the diagnosis of trichinellosis (85% positive results in patients' sera). The isotype of IgM avidity constitutes a better diagnostic value than the amount of it (60% and 35% of positive results, respectively).
Two hundred and fifteen rabbit sera have been assessed by the haemagglutination inhibition test for the presence of antibodies against lagomorphs disease virus. Sera were inactivated at 57—58°C for 30 minutes and the haemagglutination inhibition test was performed with human erythrocytes of group 0 (Rh +). The erythrocyte suspension was prepared in Sörensen’s buffer, pH 5.8, containing 0.1 per cent of human serum albumin. The presence of the antibodies was revealed in 31.6 per cent sera; their titers ranged from 10 to 6400 units.
Role of E. granulosus-specific IgG antibody avidity in evaluation of a natural history of the parasite cysts in the liver, duration of infection and immunogenic cysts activity was studied. Thirty-one patients with liver cysts suspected of echinococcosis were examined; E. Granulosus infection was finally confirmed by a fine needle aspiration biopsy or surgery in 29 cases (93.5%) and two non-parasitic simple cysts in the liver were diagnosed. E. granulosus-specific IgG antibody was found in 21 patients (67.7%). High IgG avidity values were observed in 14 patients with liver cysts in a degcneration stage confirmed by imaging techniques. Low IgG avidity values were mostly detected in children with hypoechogenic echinococcal cysts being in a recent stage of infection. Determination of anti-E. Granulosus immunoglobulin G antibody avidity is a very usefull diagnostic tool for a determination of parasitic cysts activity and their developmental age.
Analysis of sIgA concentrations in the contents of the cervical canal of the uterus and of the oral cavily in women with Candida or without fungi in ontocenoses of these organs. The aim of the study was to search for fungi in ontocenoses of genital organs and oral cavity (the fungal reservoir for multifocal infections) in women; evaluation of the concentration of sIgA in the contents of the cervical canal of the uterus and of the oral cavity. 102 women (age: 18- 35 years) were examined. Fungi were isolated from ontocenoses of the vagina and the oral cavity; axenic strains were differentiated with API 20 C and API 20 C AUX tests (bioMerieux). The concentrations of sIgA in the content of the cervical canal of the uterus and from the oral cavity were evaluated by LC-Partigen IgA (Behring) tests. Candida occurence in the oral cavity was significant (p<0,02) higher than in the vagina. Candida albicans (6 codes) was the predominat species; there were also C. tropicalis, C. kefyr, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii and C. glabrata. There were no significant differences between sIgA concentrations and the presence or absence of fungi in the vagina or oral cavity.
The aim of the study was to investigate the level of IgM and IgG class antibodies, specific to selected pathogens in foals at particular stages during their nursing period. The tests were conducted in a thoroughbred stable. Twelve sera from mares and 12 sera from foals were examined and total protein and gamma globulin fraction levels were estimated as well as the relative level of specific antibodies in IgM and IgG class using the ELISA test and expressed as the value of optical density (OD) against the following strains of bacteria antigens: Staphylococcus sciuri (1), Staphylococcus sciuri (2), Staphylococcus sciuri (3), Staphylococcus xylosus (4), Staphylococcus xylosus (5), Staphylococcus aureus (6), Staphylococcus aureus (7), Streptococcus equi subsp. Zooepidemicus (8), Streptococcus equi subsp. Zooepidemicus (9), Enterobacter aglomerans (10), Rhodococcus equi (11), Salmonella enterica ser Typhimurium (12). Traces of specific Ig R. equi were indicated in the foals sera before suckling whereas the OD value increased to 0.35 in sera following the absorption of colostrum. The profile of specific humoral response against environmental pathogens in nursing foals is dependent not only on antigenic moiety of the pathogen but also on the immunological status of the individual.
Immunocapture assays ISAGA PLUS IgA/IgM (bioMerieux) and IgE ISAGA were used to determine their usefulness in the diagnosis of acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis. Specific IgM, IgA and IgE antibodies were tested in 134 patients, namely pregnant women who seroconverted during gestation (n= 20), children with congenital toxoplasmosis (n= 5), patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenitis (n= 56) and immunocompetent individuals with chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection (n= 53). Altogether 172 sera were examined. Specific IgM antibodies were detected in all sera from pregnant women (100%) with recent T. gondii infection (1- 8 weeks after seroconversion), in all patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenopathy (1-3 months after onset of symptoms) and in their control examinations after 2 and 5 months (100%) and also in 35 (66%) out of 53 patients with chronic infection. In infants with congenital toxoplasmosis IgM were found only in one new-born; equivocal results were obtained in 3 children during the asymptomatic serological reactivation in the second year of life. Specific IgA antibodies were present in sera from 15 (75%) out of 20 women seroconverted during pregnancy; in 3 cases the results were equivocal. IgA antibodies were detected in sera from 30 (81.1%) out of 37 patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenitis examined once; in 19 patients examined 3 times IgA antibodies were present in all the cases in the first serological examination performed when clinical symptoms were first observed (100%), in 17 patients after 2 months (89.5%) and in 11 patients after 5 months (57.9%). IgA antibodies were also detected in 21 sera (39.6%) from patients with chronic T. gondii infection. In children with congenital toxoplasmosis IgA antibodies were found in 3 cases during serological reactivation after discontinuation of pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine therapy; in these cases equivocal results of IgM antibodies were present, and positive result of IgE antibodies in one case. Specific IgE antibodies were detected in sera from 17 (85%) out of 20 women with seroconversion and in 18 patients with lymphadenopathy (32.1%); in the last group IgE antibodies were not present in the follow-up examination after 5 months. IgE antibodies were detected only in 5 cases (9.4%) with chronic infection. IgA and IgE antibodies in ISAGA begin to appear about a week later than IgM antibodies; in sera collected between the 2nd and 3rd week after invasion the positive results were obtained in all cases (100%). Therefore, ISAGA PLUS IgA/IgM (bioMerieux) is useful for the diagnosis of recent T. gondii infection especially in women with suspected seroconversion during pregnancy. ISAGA PLUS IgA/IgM is more sensitive than any conventional method routinely used and so far is a specially eflicient technique for newborns and infants suspected for congenital infection and/or in diagnosing congenital toxoplasmosis during immunological recrudescence. This test has a limited value in toxoplasmosis with lymphadenopathy by reason of possibility of a long persistence of IgM and IgA antibodies detected by ISAGA. Detection of specific IgE antibodies using ISAGA technique may be useful for differential diagnosis of acute and chronic phase of T. gondii infection and also in some cases of serological reactivation of congenital toxoplasmosis.
The aim of the study was to isolate the most common pathogenic strains from calves, cows and the environment, as well as estimating the intensity of (OD) of IgG₁, IgG₂ and IgM reactions to those microorganisms. The study was held in a large commercial dairy farm over the course of 1 year, and included 100 calves and their mothers. OD of IgG₁, IgG₂ and IgM to bacteria isolated from cows, calves and the environment were examined in the investigated serums using the ELISA test. Higher levels of OD were obtained in relation to Salmonella Dublin, Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli O26 K6 and Haemophilus som. The above bacteria were also considered to be the most dangerous microorganisms for young calves in the studied farm.
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