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The aim of the study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of BRSV in cattle in Poland. For the study, 3070 blood samples from cattle of both sexes were collected between 2007 and 2011. None of the animals had been vaccinated against BRSV. The samples came from animals from the whole area of Poland, which was divided into the following 4 macroregions: I - southern Poland, II - central Poland, III - western Poland and IV - north-eastern Poland. The samples were tested by the ELISA BRSV Ab test. The presence of BRSV antibodies was found in 61.4% of animals. Significant differences in the prevalence of BRSV infections were observed, depending on the origin of samples. The highest rate of infection (80.4%) was found in western Poland, and the lowest (29.6%) in southern Poland. The percentage of infected animals differed significantly between different age groups. Seropositive animals constituted, 54.9% of the group under 2 years of age and 66.1% of the older group. This study shows that BRSV infections are widespread in Poland and could have an important impact on the health status of cattle herds.
The purpose of the paper was to present current knowledge on the epizootiology and diagnosis of respiratory infections caused by BRSV. This virus is one of the major infectious agents causing diseases in young cattle. BRSV can be the main cause of a respiratory infection or it can be one of the etiological agents of respiratory disease complex. The results of serological examinations and virus isolation showed that BRSV is widely distributed in cattle population all over the world. Economic losses caused by BRSV are associated mainly with high costs of treatment, decreased growth rates and calf mortality. A rapid diagnosis of the disease is crucial for further therapeutic management and the treatment should be concentrated on limiting losses within the herd. During recent years several papers concerning the diagnosis of BRSV have been published. This review describes not only the classical methods of virus detection (virus isolation in a cell culture, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry) but also the recently applied PCR assay.
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