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The aim of carried out research was comparing the effect of different pruning time on cropping and fruit quality of several early ripening plum cultivars. The experiment was conducted at Fruit Experimental Station – Samotwór near Wrocław in 2001–2004. Objects of studies consisted of 8 year-old plum trees of ‘Herman’, ‘Čačanska Rana’, ‘Sanctus Hubertus’ and ‘Čačanska Lepotica’ cultivars budded on ‘Myrobalan’ seedlings (Prunus divaricata). The experiment was established in a randomised block design in three replications with six trees per plot. In 2001–2003, time of tree pruning was differentiated. Half of trees was pruned only at the end of August (summer pruning after harvest of fruit) and the other one only at the end of March (dormant pruning before blooming time). Time of pruning had no influence on yielding and chemical composition of fruit. Soluble solids, vitamin C, magnesium, calcium, potassium and phosphorus contents in fruit were similar independently of pruning time. Mean fruit weight was significantly higher from trees with dormant pruning.
Climate and weather conditions are important factors influencing grapevine growth and fruit quality. Cooler regions are expected to be unsuitable for grape growing due to insufficient maturation and variability of quality parameters. Therefore, a field trial was conducted, aimed to determine the effect of pruning time on low cordon cane (CP) and spur pruned (SP) grapevines of the hybrid cultivar Hasanski Sladki in a cool climate conditions. A vineyard, with the low double trunk (25 cm in height) training system, was established at the experimental station of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (58°23’17’’ N, 26°41’50’’ E) in June 2007. The treatments were carried out in autumn after leaf fall and in spring at the two leaf phase in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Pruning time affected grape maturity parameters depending on pruning method. Autumn SP increased the soluble solids content from 18.5 to 19.8 °Brix in 2011 and from 17.1 to 18.0 in 2012. Titratable acids content was high in both experimental years ranging from 1.3 to 2.1 g 100 g-1, and only autumn CP decreased it. Pruning in spring significantly decreased the soluble solids/ titratable acids for both pruning methods. The timing of SP affected the maturity index (MI = °Brix × pH2 ) variably; in 2011, spring pruning decreased the index whereas; the index was increased in 2012. Spring pruning decreased the total phenolics up to 22% in both treatments in the two years mean. In CP, spring pruning increased anthocyanins content from 31 to 77 mg 100 g-1 in 2012.
In this experiment, early ripening plum trees were pruned at two different times. The experiment was conducted at the Fruit Experimental Station in Samotwór near Wroc ław in 2001-2004. Objects of the study were 8 year-old plum trees of 'Herman', 'Cacanska Rana', 'Sanctus Hubertus' and 'Cacanska Lepotica' cultivars budded on 'Myrobalan' seedlings (Prunus divaricata). The experiment was established in a randomised block design in three replications with 6 trees per plot. In 2001-2003, time of tree pruning was differentiated. Half of the trees were pruned only at the end of August (summer pruning after harvest of fruit). The other pruning took place at the end of March (dormant pruning before blooming time). Time of pruning had no influence on vegetative growth and chemical composi­tion of leaves. No matter what the time of pruning, the total sugars, reducing sugars, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus contents in leaves were similar. Sugars, calcium and phosphorus contents were significantly influenced by the year. Foliar nutrient content differed according to the plum cultivar. 'Sanctus Hubertus' showed markedly lower leaf K and Mg contents, whereas 'Cacanska Lepotica' had a higher P content. Pruning time had an influence on the crop efficiency index. Dor­mant-pruned trees were significantly more productive.
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