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In the present study, we aimed to gather morphometric data on the localisation and development of the pancreas during the foetal period. The study was carried out on 222 human foetuses aged 9–40 weeks of gestation with no external pathology or anomaly. The abdominal wall was dissected after general external measurements of the foetuses were carried out. Data on the localisation of the pancreas in the abdominal cavity and its localisation relative to the median plane, xiphoid process, and umbilicus were acquired and various morphometric parameters including the length of the pancreas and heights of the head and body of the pancreas were measured. It was found that, in the foetal period, the foetal pancreas was primarily accumulated on the transverse plane passing through the umbilicus, and on the other quadrants. Means and standard deviations of all morphometric parameters were calculated for each gestational week, month, and trimester. There were significant relations between the parameters and gestational age (p < 0.001). There were no differences in any of the parameters between sexes (p > 0.05). In conclusion, morphometric and location data on foetal pancreases acquired in the present study will contribute to other studies carried out in obstetrics, perinatology, forensic medicine, and foetal pathology departments, aimed at identifying anomalies, pathologies, and variations of the pancreas and treatment of such cases. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 4: 216–224)
The aim of this work was to address morphometric patterns of coronary artery (c.a.) development in the rat based on serial section analysis of hearts at different stages of prenatal development. Studies were performed on foetal hearts 15–21 days (ED) post-conception. Paraffin sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and frozen sections were labelled with Griffonia simplicifolia I (GSI) lectin (endothelial cell marker). Coronary arteries’ luminal diameters were measured at different distances from the aortic roots and the main c.a. branch lengths were calculated from serial sections. All measured values were compared to heart length and to foetal stages. On ED15 precursors of c.a. were distinguished as tubes running on both sides of the outflow tract. Below the aortic valves the tubes had the largest diameter. Formation and development of c.a. proceeded by elongation of vascular tubes distally, ramification and formation of the media and the adventitia. During the prenatal period the c.a. length increased approximately 14-fold, while heart length increased about 4-fold, and crown-rump length about 2.5-fold. The lumen of the proximal part of c.a. increased 4-fold during ED18–21. An increase in c.a. length is the fastest compared to the heart growth, and crown-rump growth during the foetal life.
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