Rabbits exposed repeatedly to aerosols of endotoxin-containing microvesicles (ECMV) of the outer membrane of the Pantoea agglomerans strain isolated from airborne grain dust showed a large increase in the concentration of circulating cytokines: total interferon (IFN), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). The increase was significantly higher compared to animals exposed to control saline (p<0.001). Aerosol exposure to ECMV also induced the formation of specific precipitin antibodies and lymphocyte activation. The results indicate strong immunomodulative properties of ECMVs produced in nature by Pantoea agglomerans bacteria, and heavily contaminating organic dusts.
The relationship between the prevalence of normal serum agglutinins and precipitins to Aeromonas hydrophila and A. veronii biotype sobria in carp and the sensitivity of the fish to infection with these bacteria was studied. The presence of these antibodies depended on carp population and on individual fish. No correlation between the prevalence of agglutinins and the sensitivity of carp to infection was found. On the contrary, the fish having the precipitins to particular Aeromonas strains revealed significantly lower sensitivity to infections with the respective homologous strains than those without the precipitins.
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