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Experiments were carried out on 20 geese, aged 6 months, affected with mixed infection of Amidostomum anseris, Capillaria anatis and Heterakis gallinarum. Ten experimental geese were twice disinfested at 10-day intervals and vaccination of the geese with a prepared DERVAC vaccine was performed 7 days after the second disinfestation, four weeks before laying period. The presence af antibodies was determined by ELISA. Sera with an optical density greater than 0.2 were considered positive. Experiments were carried out on four groups of geese, each composed of five birds: group I - geese infected and vaccinated with DERVAC vaccine; group II - geese infected and vaccinated; group III - geese infected and unvaccinated; and group IV - geese infected and unvaccinated. Coproscopic examinations were carried out twice a week for the whole experimental period. Blood samples for anti-DDV seroconversion were collected before vaccination nad next at 3-week intervals after vaccination, until the 21-st week of the experiment. The results of the experiment showed that even symptomless nematode infection caused by Amidostomum anseris, Capilaria anatis and Heteraks gallinarum in vaccinated geese, with prevalence of Amidostomum anseris, induced significantly delayed antibody production. Antibody level in infected geese at the 40th week after infection was significantly lower than that in the dehelminthized birds; therefore., it is recommended to examine parasitologically reproduction flocks of geese before their vaccination against DD and to perform disinfestation if infection with nematodes is found.
W 8O próbkach surowicy krwi pobranych od osób zdrowych o różnej historii szczepień przeciw tężcowi oznaczono poziom przeciwciał tężcowych testem neutralizacji toksyny na myszach (TN). Te same próbki surowic zbadano testem zahamowania wiązania toksyny (ToBI). Uzyskano wysoką korelację wyników uzyskanych obu testami zarówno w zakresie wysokich jak i niskich stężeń przeciwciał. Wyniki wskazują, że proponowany test To EU do oznaczania przeciwciał tężcowych może być stosowany zamiast testu neutralizacji toksyny in vivo.
The ELISA test was used to detect antibodies against Mycoplasma agalactiae in the blood plasma and milk of ewes belonging to Experimental Stations I and II of the Agricultural University in Lublin. The age of ewes was between 2-7 years and they were from the first to sixth lactation period of about 100 days duration. The ewes were free of infectious diseases and the blood and milk samples were taken in the 15th, 45th, and 75th days of lactation. For detection of antibodies against Mycoplasma agalactiae the kit of Dr. Bommeli AG (Switzerland) and evaluation unit for ELISA of Magpol (Poland) were used. Of 76 ewes of group I, only in 4 appeared a higher level of antibodies against M. agalactiae, in comparison to negative control values, but this was significantly lower than the level of positive controls. In the samples of milk of group I the level of antibodies was in the range of negative controls, and only slightly increased in two cases, but not to the range indicating M. agalactiae infection. In the samples from 4 ewes belonging to group II, although the level of antibodies was higher than the negative control values it was still in a range much lower than positive control values. In the milk samples of 54 ewes from group II the level of antibodies was in the range of negative controls and slightly augmented in 17, but below the threshold indicating infection with M. agalactiae. The obtained results do not prove the presence of deseased state of udder caused by M. agalactiae in either group of ewes.
The aim of the study was to investigate the level of IgM and IgG class antibodies, specific to selected pathogens in foals at particular stages during their nursing period. The tests were conducted in a thoroughbred stable. Twelve sera from mares and 12 sera from foals were examined and total protein and gamma globulin fraction levels were estimated as well as the relative level of specific antibodies in IgM and IgG class using the ELISA test and expressed as the value of optical density (OD) against the following strains of bacteria antigens: Staphylococcus sciuri (1), Staphylococcus sciuri (2), Staphylococcus sciuri (3), Staphylococcus xylosus (4), Staphylococcus xylosus (5), Staphylococcus aureus (6), Staphylococcus aureus (7), Streptococcus equi subsp. Zooepidemicus (8), Streptococcus equi subsp. Zooepidemicus (9), Enterobacter aglomerans (10), Rhodococcus equi (11), Salmonella enterica ser Typhimurium (12). Traces of specific Ig R. equi were indicated in the foals sera before suckling whereas the OD value increased to 0.35 in sera following the absorption of colostrum. The profile of specific humoral response against environmental pathogens in nursing foals is dependent not only on antigenic moiety of the pathogen but also on the immunological status of the individual.
The research was aimed at determining the level of hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibodies in the serum of slaughter rabbits. The research material consisted of 201 serum samples collected from slathered rabbits of 20 weeks of age and body weight from 4.5 to 5 kg. The rabbits originated from small farms (167 cross-breeds) and a battery farm (34 French Lops) located in south-eastern Poland. The animals from the battery farm had been vaccinated with “Cunivac”, whereas those bred on small farms had not been vaccinated at all. The sera collected from the animals were examined with the hemagglutination-inhibiting test for the presence of antibodies to rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD). The results obtained showed that only 5% of the animals reacted negatively, while the remaining 95% showed positive titres. In the group of vaccinated rabbits, no antibodies were found in three animals. Titres ranging from 100 to 800 were noted in 21 sera, while 9 animals reacted with titres of 1000 or more. Out of the 201 sera examined, 167 came from non-vaccinated rabbits originating from regions free of RHD. Positive titres of HI antibodies were not found in 7 samples. On the other hand, 80.2% of the animals were characterised by positive titres of 100 or more. In a similar research conducted in 1992 as much 68.4% of 215 sera tested were found negative for these antibodies. The results of the present research showed a very high percentage of sera with positive titres in non-vaccinated animals, which were free from the disease. This might suggest that non-pathogenic strains (RCV) related to the RHD virus exist also in Poland. It appears that such strains might have a similar effect as a vaccine, immunising the infected animals, which show no symptoms of the disease.
Indirect ELISA is being used increasingly more often in serological diagnosis of Salmonella enteritidis in poultry. Tests are conducted on sera as well as to detect anti-S. enteritidis antibodies in egg yolk and in muscles. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of an ELISA kit produced in the authors’ laboratory in detecting anti-S. enteritidis antibodies in sera, egg yolk and muscles from poultry. The lipopolisaccharide (LPS) antigen obtained from the S. enteritidis phage type 1 strain was used in the kit as well as anti-chicken IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase and ARTS which was used as the substrate. Sera, egg yolk and meat juice were tested in a flock of hens suspected to be infected by Salmonella. The results obtained showed that some egg yolk and meat juice samples had low values of absorbency in ELISA, whereas others had high values. A high degree of correlation was obtained between the results of the tests carried out on egg yolk, meat juice and sera. The results of the investigations indicate that the above devised ELISA test based on LPS was useful for testing sera, egg yolk and muscles from poultry for the presence of anti-S.enteritidis antibodies.
Maternal antibodies (matAb) can protect avian embryos and young birds after hatching against vertically transmitted pathogens. In birds, maternal IgY in egg yolk is transferred across the yolk sac through the FcRY receptor to passively immunize chicks. High-affinity binding occurs at pH 6, and does not occur at pH greater than 8.0. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of enrofloxacine, florfenicol, and ceftiofur on maternal IgY concentration in the yolk sac and serum of newly hatched chicks. In this study 184 one-day-old chicks were administered enrofloxacine, florfenicol, or ceftiofur in recommended doses according to the currently recommended treatment schedule. The yolk sac and blood were collected daily from day 1 to day 5 (yolk sac) or 7 (blood) of the experiment. Then, the samples were subjected to radial immunodiffusion investigation. The experiment showed that the concentration of IgY in serum on day 3 after the administration of ceftiofur and florfenicol was higher than that in the control group or the enrofloxacine group. It was also shown that after enrofloxacine treatment the level of IgY was higher in the yolk sac on day 4 of the experiment and lower in serum on day 5 of the experiment compared with the corresponding levels of IgY in the ceftiofur and florfenicol groups. These results suggest that the administration of enrofloxacine, florfenicol, and ceftiofur might influence the efficiency of matAb transfer from the yolk sac to the bloodstream of chicks.
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