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Tasks of risk manager in the construction enterprise

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The paper shows that phenomena requiring an active attitude of managers, including among other things: creating risk management policy, risk identification, risk measurement, taking actions and control, are the subject of risk management. The tasks of a risk manager in the enterprise refer to a professional interpretation of economic correlations, occurring both outside and inside the enterprise. They consist in assessing information about potential risk, possible ways of lowering its effects, unfavourable for the enterprise, and indicating the advantages coming from taking risky actions. The article contains results of own research among 156 Polish building companies in the area of risk factors of building investment projects. According to opinions of Polish building entrepreneurs, Polish enterprise have biggest problems with the scope, schedule, budget and quality requirements of construction projects.
Probiotics are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host - so is the definition of probiotics according to the recommendations of World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) also supported in Poland by the Polish Society for Probiotics and Prebiotics. In an analysis of the literature over the last years one can tell that safety of probiotics is as important as the benefits coming from their use. In FAO/WHO recommendations we can already find information about their safety. This article describes the problem of probiotics’ safety in the context of potential risk of clinical complications after ingestion.
This research was undertaken in order to determine and analyze various heavy metals present in sediments taken from Lake Donghu. Six heavy metals: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPAES). Relative enrichment factors and potential ecological risk indexes were used to study the pollution status of heavy metals in sediments and assess their potential ecological risk to the environment. Sediment enrichment factors of heavy metals were found in the following order Cr > As > Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb. Potential ecological risk indices for heavy metals were: Cd > As > Cr > Cu > Pb > Zn. The calculated potential ecological risk indices showed that the lake was polluted by heavy metals. Cd had moderate potential ecological risk to the ecological environment and was the main contributor to potential toxicity response indices for various heavy metals in Lake Donghu. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to establish the significance of variations in heavy metals. The mean seasonal concentrations of metals showed that there were significant differences among seasons and sampling sites (P<0.05). The cause of pollution in Lake Donghu could be associated with industrial and human activities. We proposed strategies that can be applied in order to prevent accumulation of heavy metals in the lake.
Project implementation and its risk considering, as well as an appropriate response to risk is the part of any complex activity. Project management of implementation of e-learning in terms of education requires a methodical approach. It includes the definition of e-learning basic concepts, evidence of its effectiveness, development of faculty requirements for implementation, as well as possible risks during implementation. Blended e-learning is preferred form in terms of conditions of Faculty of Business Economics. It is a modern form of individual students training which properly combine the attendance form to e-learning form of study.
Diurnal changes in the structure of the ciliate community in surface waters were studied in the aquaculture area of Dapeng’ao cove, China. Two periods of heavy rainfall occurred during the study period, intensifying water column stratification and influencing the water’s properties. A total of 21 ciliate taxa from 15 genera were identified; the dominant species was Mesodinium rubrum. The maximum abundance of M. rubrum reached 3.92×104 indiv. dm−3, contributing 95.1% (mean value) to the total ciliate abundance. Diurnal changes in M. rubrum abundance were highly variable, the driving force probably being irradiance and food availability. The results suggest that M. rubrum may form blooms in aquaculture areas when there is a suitable physical regime with enriched nutrients, which is potentially harmful to the fish-farming industry.
The present paper attempts to evolve a new model by considering various indicators of different types of land degradation or desertification, namely, water erosion, soil salinity, vegetation degradation, and lowering of ground water table for finding areas with higher rate of degradation. The Runiz basin, located in the southern Iran, has been selected as a study area to assess the hazard of desertification. The thresholds for the severity classes of indicators were established and then the hazard map for each indicator of types of desertification has been prepared in a GIS. The risk classes of different risk maps were calculated on the basis of classification of risk scores derived by cumulative effect of all the attributes of indicators after overlying them in the GIS. It was possible to distinguish the areas under ‘actual risk’ from areas under ‘potential risk’ of desertification types. Also areas under potential risk were classified to subclasses with different probability level to show a statistical picture of risk in future. The final map of risk of desertification was produced by overlaying all four maps of degradation types. Results show that potential risk areas and areas under actual risk are almost equal, indicating further threat of desertification in future in the half of the region. Also severe condition in the half of region shows environmentally bad situation in the study area. It is hoped that this attempt using GIS will be found applicable for other regions of the world.
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