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Control of rots and spoilage of agricultural products: a review

100%

Deshi S. N., Wonang D. L., Dafur B. S.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

2014

tom 13

nr 2

The most important losses in agricultural production which involve the greatest costs on the farm economy occur postharvest. It is estimated that worldwide between 10 and 40% losses of agricultural produce occur postharvest. Losses are more severe in developing than developed nations of the world. Several species of fungi and in some cases bacteria participate in postharvest deterioration and rots of tubers and agro- produce. These include species of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Macrophomina, Penicillium and Rhizopus amongst several others. In a bid to control these storage diseases several control techniques including physical, biological, and chemical and in recent times plant-based pesticides are employed. Chemical control has been identified as the most popular and most effective means of controlling plant diseases. However, it is being de-emphasized due largely to mammalian toxicity occasioned by chemical residues in crops. This in addition to many other demerits on ecological health and build-up of pathogens’ resistance to some of the most effective fungicides have prompted search for alternatives. Recently in plant pathology many tropical plants are being screened for fungitoxic properties. This review presents highlights of the different control techniques for control of myco- induced storage rots of tubers and agricultural products in the tropics.

New fungi causing postharvest spoilage of cucumber fruits and their molecular characterization in Egypt

80%

Ziedan E. H., Khattab, Abd El-Nasser Abd El-Hafez A. E.-N. A. E.-H., Sahab A. F.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2018

tom 58

nr 4

This work was carried out during two successive seasons (2016 and 2017) on cucumber fruits from a plastic greenhouse and from open field cultivation in El Gharbeia and El Giza Governorates, Egypt. Isolation trials from spoilage fruit samples of plastic greenhouse cultivation recorded high frequency of Alternaria tenusinium, Fusarium spp. and Pleospora alli. The most common fungi of rotten cucumber fruits from an open field were Galactomyces spp. and Fusarium spp. Pathogenicity tests proved that, Fusarium solani from El-Gharbeia followed by A. tenusinium from El-Giza were the most frequent isolates responsible for rot of cucumber fruits from plastic greenhouse cultivation. Moreover, the most frequent isolates causing postharvest disease of cucumber fruits of the open field were Galactomyces candidium from El-Giza followed by Geotrichum sp. and F. fujikuroi from El-Gharbeia Governorates, respectively. This is the first report of several fungi causing postharvest fruit rot disease of cucumber i.e., G. candidium, Geotrichum sp., A. tenusinium, P. alli and Fusarium spp. (F. fujikuroi, F. verticiolides, F. solani, F. geraminearium and Fusarium incarnatum). Fungal isolates were identified according to cultural, morphological and molecular characterization based on sequencing of internal transcribed spacer1 (ITS1). All the ITS nucleotide sequences of fungi were applied and conserved in GenBank.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 International Letters of Natural Sciences

1 Journal of Plant Protection Research

1 Dafur B. S.

1 Deshi S. N.

1 Khattab, Abd El-Nasser Abd El-Hafez A. E.-N. A. E.-H.

1 Sahab A. F.

1 Wonang D. L.

1 Ziedan E. H.

1 2018

1 2014

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Control of rots and spoilage of agricultural products: a review

New fungi causing postharvest spoilage of cucumber fruits and their molecular characterization in Egypt