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Effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) treatments on chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and postharvest quality of two lime (‘Persian lime’ and ‘Tahiti’) cultivars during chilling-induced storage were studied in this work. EBR at 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 µM were applied to fruit by vacuum infiltration at 30.63 kPa for 7 min and afterward stored at 4°C for 60 days. Postharvest EBR application effectively maintained greater fruit firmness and lessened weight loss during cold storage. The results displayed that EBR treatments efficiently delayed the reduction of the Chl a contents and hue values. EBR treatments significantly increased ascorbic acid content, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and titratable acidity (TA). On the other hand, the treatments reduced soluble solids concentration (SSC), pH, and SSC/TA ratios during cold storage. Overall, EBR application by vacuum infiltration could be an effective and simple method for maintaining postharvest quality of limes during cold storage.
Blackberries (Rubus spp.) have significant nutraceutical properties, providing phenolic compounds for the consumers. These compounds are useful to human health due to their high antioxidant activity. However, most blackberries destined for fresh markets become unmarketable in 2 to 3 days due to decay and leakage, because they have thin and fragile skin. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of salicylic acid (SA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) on extending the postharvest quality and bioactive compounds of blackberry during refrigerated storage. Blackberry fruits cv. ‘Jumbo’ were dipped in 2% CaCl2, or in 2.0 mM salicylic acid (SA) for 10 min. Total soluble solids contents, titratable acidity, pH, ascorbic acid contents, total phenolics contents, and total antioxidant activity were investigated initially on 4th, 7th, or 10th day (d) of storage. Changes in fresh weight, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and total phenol contents were markedly delayed by both treatments. Berries treated with 2 mM SA or 2% CaCl2 exhibited markedly better visual quality during the storage period. Considering the overall findings, this study revealed that postharvest SA or CaCl2 applications maintained the storage-life and conserved the valuable marketing features of blackberries over 10 d in cold storage, presumably due to their inhibitory effects on fruit senescence.
The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of two storage tempera­tures (+1 °C and +4 °C) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the posthar- vest quality of 'Glen Ample' raspberry. Fruits were picked into 450-g well-ventilated plastic punnets, cooled down for 24 hours and packed as follows: control - unpacked ventilated punnets covered with a lid; punnets wrapped in Xtend® film, punnets wrapped with PP30 - 30 ^m polypropylene film and punnets wrapped with OPP25 - 25 ^m oriented polypropylene film. One treatment consisted of eight replicate bags. After 3 days in cool storage, all packages were kept at +15 °C for 24 hours to simulate retail conditions. The O2 and CO2 content in the packages was measured daily. Soluble solids con­tent (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), fruit firmness, ascorbic acid content (AAC), antho- cyanins (ACY) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined at harvest and at the end of storage. The number of spoiled fruits was recorded and a sensory evalua­tion was carried out at the end of the experiment. Vol. 19(1) 2011: 145-153 During the first 24 hours, the concentration of CO2 increased to 10% in the PP30 and OPP25 packages at +4 °C, while at +1 °C it took 48 hours to reach that level. In the Xtend® packages, CO2 concentration increased above 10% only after the shelf life simulation. The environment in the PP30 and OPP25 packages became anaerobic in retail conditions. Fruit spoilage was significantly lower in the PP30 and OPP25 pack­ages, where the CO2 content increased rapidly. Raspberries had higher SSC, TA, SSC/TA and ACY at +4 °C than at +1 °C. Fruits in the Xtend® packages were significantly firmer than in the other treatments. The mean effect of MAP and the storage temperatures was such that they had no significant influence on raspberry fruit appearance, flavour and off- flavour. Raspberries kept at +4 °C tasted better to the evaluators.
This study was done using three nitrogenous compounds to evaluate their effects on postharvest characteristics of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum) cut flowers. The study consisted of three separate and parallel experiments, in which ammonium sulfate, calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate were used in different concentrations of zero, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg dm ‒3 N for pretreatment of stems for 6 hour before transferring to holding d-water solution. The results showed that petal ion leakage and leaf SPAD values were increased by increasing ammonium sulfate, but not calcium or potassium nitrate. Petal carotenoids were increased by pretreatment of ammonium sulfate and potassium nitrate. There was constant increase in water uptake by increasing the levels of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate, while ammonium sulfate at high concentrations (200 and 500 mg dm ‒3 N) resulted in significant less water uptake compared to control. Ammonium sulfate in 50 and 100 mg dm ‒3 increased shelf life of pretreated stems, but higher concentrations significantly reduced cut flowers shelf life. Increasing concentrations of calcium nitrate and particularly potassium nitrate have led to prolongation of flower shelf life to 12 days compared to 6 days of control. The results indicate that pretreatment of chrysanthemum cut flowers with ammonium sulfate in rather low concentrations or with moderate to high concentrations of calcium nitrate or potassium nitrate can significantly improve shelf life and postharvest flower qualities.
The interaction between foliar treatment with 100 mg∙dm–3 of both gibberellic acid 4+7 (GA4+7) and benzyladenine (BA) and vase solution containing 3% sucrose was analysed in cut Lilium ‘Alma Ata’. GA4+7+BA considerably delayed leaf senescence, suppressed anthocyanin accumulation in the leaves of plants held in the sucrose solution and improved the average longevity of the flowers and the vase life of the stems. Sucrose in the vase solution strongly reduced the abscission of leaves and contributed to the enlargement of the top flower. The number of significant interactions between the treatments indicated that the investigated factors acted dependently mainly on flower quality, while their action on leaf quality was mostly independent. Results show that combined treatment with growth regulators and sucrose may considerably increase postharvest quality of cut Lilium ‘Alma Ata’.
During the cold storage of sweet cherry, severe losses can occur due to the water loss, phytopathogenic fungi and physiological disorders. The aim of this research was to assess the effects of treatments with NAA (α-naphthaleneacetic acid), BA (6-benzyladenine), and GA3 (gibberellic acid) on fruit quality at harvest and after 21 days of storage under two regimes, including 0°C, RH (relative humidity) 90% and 3°C, RH 70%, and after additional shelf life exposure. Sweet cherry cultivars – ‘Summit’, ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’ – were treated with bioregulators at the end of flowering. NAA significantly increased the fruit weight at harvest compared to the control in all cultivars assessed. BA stimulated the fruit growth in ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’, while it was ineffective in ‘Summit’. GA3 caused significant increase in fruit weight by 8.3% in ‘Kordia’ only. Moreover, BA and GA3 induced a higher firmness of fruits at harvest. Weight loss of fruits during storage at 0°C, RH 90%, was increased with NAA and reduced with GA3 in ‘Regina’ only. BA and GA3 reduced the weight loss of sweet cherry fruits stored at 3°C, RH 70%. Bioregulator treatments increased TA (titratable acidity) in fruits at harvest, while the effects on TA during storage were variable depending on the cultivar. ‘Summit’ had the highest sensitivity to storage fruit rot. BA and GA3 decreased the disease occurrence on fruits stored at 0°C in ‘Summit’ and ‘Kordia’.
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