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Antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from the surface microlayer and subsurface water of downtown pond was determined. The levels of resistance of bacteria to various antibiotics differed considerably. It follows from the results that bacteria were most resistant to penicillin and sensitive to gentamycin, neomycin and oxytetracycline. Majority of bacterial strains were characterised by resistance to 6-8 of 18 antibiotics tested. As a rule, there were no significant differences in antibiotic resistance between neustonic and planktonic bacteria. Pigmented bacteria were more antibiotic resistant than non-pigmented ones.
A rapidly diminishing number and degradation of water ponds cause many negative effects in the structure of agricultural ecosystems, by limiting surface retention and increasing migration of chemical compounds from the basin. The goal of this research was to find the influence of anthropopression on the chemical composition of water in field ponds. Analysis of some chemical and physical parameters was carried out on water samples collected once a month from 5 field ponds located in the District of Pyrzyce, Commune of Zabowo, between March and October 2004. The five water ponds differed with respect to the spatial development of their surroundings and their degradation. The concentration of N-NH4+ N-NO2- i N-NO3- oraz PO43- were measured according to the Polish Standards. The level of oxygen, temperature and water pH were measured immediately after collecting each sample of water. The analyzed field ponds were different in respect of the degree of degradation processes. What was characteristic of the five ponds was a large variation in concentrations of biogenic compounds in water, depending on the form of anthropopression and vegetation in and around the ponds. The high level of PO43- and N-NH4+ in water and the succession of water plants prove that ponds 2, 3 and 4 are highly eutrophicated. Due to the extremely high concentration of PO43- in the water, field pond 2, located near a former state farm, can be classified as hypertrophic. This pond also had the biggest oxygen deficit.
Samples of sea, river and pond water of different absorbance were exposed to artificial radiation resembling sunlight in the UV range. A statistically significant increase in ammonium concentration was detected in pond water of the highest absorbance after 5 h of irradiation. In sea and river water a corresponding increase (< 0.5 μM) was recorded after an exposure time of 25 hours. The bulk characteristics of the analysed samples were insufficient to explain the observed differences.
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