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Czynniki warunkujace podsiew uzytkow zielonych - ekonomika.

100%

Golinski P.

Łąkarstwo w Polsce

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1998

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tom 01

65-78

The aim of this study is to analyse economic aspects of the utilisation of complementary seeding for the renovation of grasslands. The paper presents results of our own investigations but also uses literature data to perform appropriate calculations. It appears that complementary seeding is a method of grassland renovation recommendable from the point of view of economy since the value of the ratio of the cost of production of 1 MJ feed energy to the value of its upgrading in animal production is at the level of 1.2-1.5. In comparison with the method of conventional tillage, complementary seeding is by 54- 62% cheaper, depending on the applied technological solutions. When calculating profitability of complementary seeding in grassland renovation, it seems more rational to apply the method which - for calculation purposes - takes into consideration the duration of the effect of complementary seeding expressed by the persistence of introduced species. From the economical point of view, complementary seeding should be considered as effective if the cost of the surplus of 1 dt of dry matter, 1 MJ energy or 1 kg protein obtained in the result of complementary seeding of grassland is lower than the unit cost of production of dry matter, energy or protein from sward which was not subjected to the treatment. Renovation of grassland by overdrilling, especially when performed with the aid of special seeders which increase - in comparison with traditional methods - effectiveness of yield improvement and sward quality, allows to decrease the profitability threshold of milk production. The use of complementary seeding in pratotechnique increases economic effectiveness of feeds from grasslands and, in addition - thanks to its proecological character, barely interfering in the meadow habitat - it allows to take multifaceted economic advantage from the entire natural environment. The economical aspects of complementary seeding application in grassland renovation requires further research.

2

Niskonakladowa renowacja uzytkow zielonych metoda podsiewu

100%

Sztejno S.

Wiadomości Rolnicze. Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego w Szepietowie

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1999

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nr 03

30-31

3

Renowacja trwalych uzytkow zielonych warunkiem poprawy jakosci i ilosci plonow

100%

Skrzecz Z.

Wieś Mazowiecka. Wojewódzki Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego w Warszawie

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2004

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nr 03

24

4

Odnowienia uzytkow zielonych metoda podsiewu

100%

Bolek S.

Podkarpacki Magazyn Rolniczy. Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego w Iwoniczu

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2001

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nr 04

9-10

5

Plonowanie uzytku zielonego podsianego mieszankami ze zroznicowanym udzialem Festulolium

100%

Szydlowska J., Czyz H.

Folia Universitatis Agriculturae Stetinensis. Agricultura

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2004

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tom 98

169-173

6

Czynniki warunkujace podsiew uzytkow zielonych - siedlisko.

100%

Grzegorczyk S.

Łąkarstwo w Polsce

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1998

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tom 01

45-52

Paper reviews the study results obtained by many authors complementary seeding. Presented results entirely confirmed of complementary seeding to improvement of meadows productivity in various site conditions. Habitat conditions decide about succeeding of complementary seeding to a considerable degree. Most important condition is a water, especially soil sufficient humidity in seeds germination and seedling growth time. Immediate relation with that have the rainfalls, especially in dry sites. Important condition is also type of soil and it's trophicity. The divergence received in numerous studies has source in variety of habitats, great number of complementary seeding realisation techniques, likewise in typical plenty of improved meadow-grazing sward and also species used to complementary seeding.

7

Czynniki warunkujace podsiew uzytkow zielonych - agrotechnika.

100%

Mikolajczak Z.

Łąkarstwo w Polsce

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1998

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tom 01

53-64

People are interested in the possibility of renovation of degraded grasslands since a long time. More intensive studies on this subject were performed in 1920-1939, mostly are to the activity of scientist from Experimental Research Institute in Sarny. Next growth of the interest in application of complementary seeding methods in pastures and meadows takes place after 1945 years. These studies included an estimation of farming tools (tooth harrow, disk harrow and rototiller). Experiments give different effects of complementary seeding. Authors of particular papers underlined the fact that the efficiency of various tools and machines depend on the communities conditions and the botanical composition of swards. As the chemical industry developed so herbicides are more after used in reseeding experiments. The feelings on usefulness of application of herbicides controversial. From the beginning of 80-ties of this century the studies are developing, in which special drill for sod seeding are used. It follows from results published that such method of renovation of degraded grasslands should be extensively practised. Overdrilling is easy performed and besides, expenses are in this case significantly lower then these connected with the use of other methods.

8

Dbajmy o uzytki zielone - ciag dalszy

100%

Golebiewska G.

INO. Informacje, Nowości, Oferty. Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego w Płocku

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1997

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nr 07-08

35-36

9

Proekologiczne formy renowacji uzytkow zielonych

100%

Sklodowski W.

Wieś Mazowiecka. Wojewódzki Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego w Warszawie

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2000

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nr 04

15-16

10

Zu den Moglichkeiten und Grenzen von Nachsaaten auf Grunland -in Deutschland gemachte Erfahrungen.

100%

Opitz v. B. W.

Łąkarstwo w Polsce

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1998

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tom 01

79-92

Podsiewy na pastwiskach kośnych stanowią alternatywę dla ich odnawiania poprzez zasiew, tak pod względem ekonomicznym jak i ekologicznym. Pozytywnemu efektowi podsiewu zagrażają w dużym stopniu susza po jego wykonaniu oraz opóźnione użytkowanie. Podsiewy można planować elastycznie. Istnieje duża możliwość dopasowania ich do aktulnych warunków. Ze względu na statystycznie udowodniony pozytywny wpływ podsiewów na jakość paszy łącznie z jej zdolnością do konserwacji, plon i lepsze wykorzystanie składników pokarmowych, stanowią one, pod warunkiem ich starannego wykonania, cenny instrument regulacyjny w gospodarstwie. W przeciwieństwie do pastwisk i pastwisk kośnych istnieje jeszcze duże zapotrzebowanie na badania nad podsiewami dla wyraźnego polepszenia jakości łąk.

11

Podsiewy lak i pastwisk

100%

Sobilo E.

Podkarpacki Magazyn Rolniczy. Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego w Iwoniczu

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2001

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nr 09

7

12

Przydatnosc wybranych gatunkow traw i motylkowatych do podsiewu pastwisk gorskich.

100%

Szewczyk W.

Łąkarstwo w Polsce

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2001

|

tom 04

183-188

Restoration of grassland sward is aimed mostly at improving their production and quality of obtained fodder. There are two legumes and three grasses species in deteriorated sward - preservation by means of reasonable management and fertilisation or with the aid of oversowing i.e. by introducing seeds of valuable grasses and legumes into existing sward. The oversowing experiments have been conducted on pasture in mountainous region site. Orchard grass appeared to be a species of highest production (28% of total) among grasses initially used and its rate has been increasing for consecutive years up to 50% of total in fifth year. The maximum proportion for white clover was 24% and for birdsfoot trefoil 18%. Both mineral fertilisation and oversowing appeared to improve production of pastures. Limited nitrogen fertilisation together with oversowing has resulted in its 25-33% rise. As regards undersowed pasture objects the best result was observed in the perennial ryegrass and white clover sward.

13

Oplacalnosc podsiewu

100%

Golinski P.

Nowoczesne Rolnictwo. Nauka, Doradztwo, Praktyka

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1999

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tom 06

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nr 07

36

14

Efekt podsiewu laki gorskiej typu mietlicy pospolitej z kostrzewa czerwona

100%

Firek E.

Biuletyn Naukowy. Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie

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1998

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nr 01

47-51

15

Techniki wprowadzania nowych gatunkow do runi uzytkow zielonych

100%

Ptaszynski S., Glazewski M.

Materiały Seminaryjne. Instytut Melioracji Użytków Zielonych

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2000

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tom 45

238-244

16

Renowacja uzytkow zielonych

100%

Mroz T.

Wieś Mazowiecka. Wojewódzki Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego w Warszawie

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2000

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nr 03

15-16

17

Renowacja uzytkow zielonych w wojewodztwie lubelskim

100%

Krawczyk S.

Wiadomości Melioracyjne i Łąkarskie

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2000

|

tom 43

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nr 4

167-168

18

Czynniki warunkujace podsiew uzytkow zielonych - roslina.

88%

Kozlowski S.

Łąkarstwo w Polsce

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1998

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tom 01

31-44

The aim of the project is to present the role of the plant in effective complementary seeding of grasslands. Two groups of issues were distinguished. The first group is associated with the plant introduced by means of complementary seeding – criteria of species and variety selection, factors affecting sprouting, emergence as well as the growth and development of seedlings. The second group comprises problems associated with the influence of primary vegetation, plants present in the sward of grasslands which are being oversown - plant compatibility and restriction of their effect on seedlings. The paper is the result of studies of literature and own investigations on grassland renovation and, first of all of the author's own considerations. The role of the plant in the process of grassland renovation by complementary seeding is very important. It cannot be limited to the selection of species or cultivar of plants sown under. There is a whole domain of plant properties, beginning with the phase of sprouting and emergence to the stage of full feed utilisation which play a decisive role in the effectiveness of the sod seeding process. Furthermore, this effectiveness is also influenced by the sward vegetation itself into which the introduced species or cultivars are sown. Studies on sod seeding in Poland have continued for a long time, albeit with varying intensity and influenced by altering current technical possibilities. Complementary seeding defined as a method of grassland renovation already seems to be a thing of the past. In future it will be more and more treated as a managing treatment of meadows and pastures similar to fertilisation or irrigation. Pro-ecological character of oversowing and overdrilling rnakes this treatment applicable not only on grasslands but also on objects not connected with forage utilisation, such as lawns and marginal areas. This operation may well serve to increase floristic diversity of meadows, but equally importantly it can be used to re-introduce lost species and reconstruction of grass communities. There are high expectations concerning the plant as the key element in the process of cornplementary seeding. The important question is whether the issue of oversowing and overdrilling is also taken under consideration in the process of breeding work and seed production.

19

Regeneracja runi pastwiskowej metoda podsiewu bezposredniego

88%

Sawicki J., Baryla R., Nazaruk M., Piekut K., Greub L., Taubman W.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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1997

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tom 453

249-255

W miarę upływu lat na użytkach zielonych występuje konieczność odnowy ich składu gatunkowego. Celem badań była ocena przydatności bezuprawowej technologii podsiewu. Doświadczenie założono na pastwisku z dominacją mniszka pospolitego na Wyżynie Lubelskiej. Na tle obiektu kontrolnego - bez podsiewu i obiektu podsianego tradycyjnie, podsiano siewnikiem specjalnym polskie i amerykańskie odmiany traw i rośliny motylkowate. Podsiane obiekty plonowały istotnie wyżej od obiektu kontrolnego. Najlepsze wschody i ograniczenie udziału mniszka pospolitego uzyskano na obiektach, w których występowała komonica zwyczajna Bull i Dawn z tymotką Clair oraz w mieszankach koniczyny łąkowej Red Star ze stokło- są bezostną Badger i lucerny siewnej Blazer z tą samą stokłosą. Uzyskane wyniki w pełni potwierdzają przydatność siewników specjalnych do renowacji użytków zielonych w siedliskach erodowanych.

20

Mozliwosci optymalizacji poziomu makroelementow w runi laki podgorskiej za pomoca roznych metod renowacji

88%

Szewczyk W.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Rolnictwo

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2001

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tom 38

81-88

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