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1

Biomass distribution and dynamics and food web relations in psammon community of a eutrophic lake

100%
Kalinowska K., Ejsmont-Karabin J., Gorelysheva Z., Rybak J. I.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2012
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tom 60
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nr 3
Organisms living in submerged sand along the shore and below the water’s edge in freshwater lake beaches create community called hydropsammon (see Fig. 1 in Preface). Trophic relations between psammon food web components are essential in energy flow, nutrient cycling and functioning of aquatic environments. The seasonal changes in algal, bacterial, nanoflagellate, ciliate, rotifer and crustacean biomass were investigated in hydroarenal (submerged sand) of the eutrophic Lake Mikołajskie (Poland). Sampling cores were taken once or twice a month since April till October 2005 from three layers: adjacent water layer (AWL), layer of water and sand from the transitory level (EPIH – epihydroarenal) and slice of sand (ENDOH – endohydroarenal). The meanannual phytopsammon biomass was extremely high in all microlayers. Bacterial biomass was the highest in the ENDOH. Biomass of nanoflagellates was 4 to 8 times lower than that of bacteria and was the highest in the AWL. The highest mean annual biomass of ciliates was recorded in the EPIH, whereas rotifers dominated in the ENDOH. In contrast, average biomass of Crustacea was the highest in the AWL. Crustaceans dominated heterotrophic biomass in the AWL and EPIH (92 and 54% of the total biomass, respectively) whereas bacteria definitely prevailed in the ENDOH (57%). The ratios of autotrophic to heterotrophic biomass and prey to predator biomass as well as trophic relations between the studied groups of psammon organisms differed clearly among microlayers. The AWL was characterised by the lowest autotrophic/heterotrophic and predator/prey biomass ratios (about 2) and significant positive correlations between nanoflagellates and ciliates as well as between protists and both rotifers and copepods. The highest autotrophic/heterotrophic and predator/prey biomass ratio (14 and 40, respectively) and lack of correlations was found in the ENDOH. These results may suggest that the pressure of consumers was weaker in the hydroarenal layers than in the AWL. In addition, it seems that psammon ciliates, rotifers and crustaceans inhabiting the ENDOH were probably limited by factors other than food availability. In contrast to the pelagic ecosystems, autotrophic biomass exceeded heterotrophic biomass, especially in the ENDOH.
2

Psammon algae: composition and spatial distribution in hygroarenal of eutrophic lake

80%
Kalinowska K., Gorelysheva Z., Ejsmont-Karabin J.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2011
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tom 59
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nr 1
Psammon habitats like freshwater sandy shores are the peculiar sites due to high fluctuation of physico-chemical conditions and due to the specific composition of the organisms communities distributed along the horizontal pattern related to the wave action. Taxonomic composition, numbers and biomass of phytopsammon were studied in hygroarenal (shore sand beach wetted by lake waves) of the small beach of the eutrophic Lake Mikołajskie (area 498 ha, max. depth 26 m) (Masurian Lake District, Poland). Samples were collected on one occasion (26 June 2003) from 30 sampling stations distributed parallel to lake shore along 10 m line at three different distances (sampling points A, B, C) from 0 to 60 cm from water line. The studies showed distinct horizontal distribution of psammon algae. Their numbers and biomass varied from 2.22 to 31.85 × 03 cm–3 of sand and from 0.49 to 4.69 μg cm–3 of sand, respectively. Mean numbers in all sampling distances were very similar, while the biomass increased with increasing distance from water line. Cyanoprokaryota, among which Oscillatoria spp. were most numerous species, dominated in the numbers, whereas Bacillariophycea (mainly Stephanodiscus hantzschii Grun. and Fragillaria spp.) constituted significant proportion of the total algae biomass. There were no significant correlations between abundance of algae and size fractions of sand. Among taxonomic groups, only the biomass of Cyanoprokaryota showed positive correlations with trophic parameters (TP, TN). The studies did not show any correlations between phytopsammon and the abundances of ciliates and rotifers, suggesting that different environmental factors as well as organisms of the higher trophic levels may play a decisive role in the development and horizontal distribution of algae in hygroarenal of the beach of the eutrophic lake.
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Function of phytopsammon in capturing biogenes at the land-water ecotone in mesotrophic Lake Piaseczno

80%
Czernas K.
Acta Agrophysica
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2003
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tom 01
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nr 1[86]
4

Phytopsammon and phytoplankton of land water ecotone of mesotrophic lake in the Polesie Region [Eastern Poland]

80%
Czernas K., Krupa D.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2003
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tom 51
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nr 2
In the years 1996-1997 (in July and September) a species composition as well as a productivity of phytopsammon (eupsammon and hydropsammon) and phytoplankton were investigated in a land/water ecotone of mesotrophic lake. The phytopsammon was characterized by a higher number of species and higher algae abundance than that of phytoplankton. The highest values of gross primary production and chlorophyll a concentration were obtained for eupsammon, while the lowest ones were obtained for phytoplankton. A big similarity of eupsammon and hydropsammon and a considerable diversity between eupsammon and phytoplankton was proved.
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