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The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of using composts obtained from heterogeneous municipal wastes for agricultural purposes. The study involved an analysis of the lead content of plants grown in soil enriched with municipal solid waste compost heapstored for different periods of time, compost obtained from municipal green waste, and manure. Municipal waste compost was applied at the rates of 10, 20 and 30 g • kg-1 soil, while the compost obtained from green waste was administered at a rate of 10 g • kg-1 soil. Maize and sunflowers were grown in the first year of the experiment, spring barley and white mustard - in the second year, and Phacelia tanacetifolia - in the third year. It was found that compost produced from municipal green waste had a substantially higher lead content compared to municipal solid waste compost, although both types of composts could be used for agricultural purposes in accordance with the relevant trade standards. The application of bio-waste composts increased the lead content of the green tops of all investigated crops. The accumulation of this element was dependent on plant species, as well as on the type and rate of compost. The highest lead concentrations were recorded in mustard, slightly lower in maize and phacelia, lower in sunflowers and the lowest - in barley. In the case of barley, mustard and phacelia, the highest lead content was reported in pots amended with municipal waste compost heap-stored for 3 months. With respect to maize, such an effect was observed after the application of compost stored for 1 month, whereas in sunflowers - after soil enrichment with compost obtained from urban green waste. At the completion of the experiment, the largest amounts of lead were found in soil amended with municipal solid waste compost heap-stored for 6 months. Soil enriched with compost produced from urban green waste contained on average 14% lead more than soil amended with identical rates of municipal waste compost stored for 6 months.
Field experiments were carried out over 1996-1999 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture at Mochełek in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz on a very good rye complex soil. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the forecrop value for spring barley of five species of fodder crops (white mustard, radish, winter rape, sunflower and phacelia) cultivated in stubble intercrop after winter wheat, depending on the fertilisation method (cattle slurry fertilisation, wheat straw with mineral fertilisers added and with mineral fertilisers only). The effect of stubble intercrops on spring barley fertilisation was slight and differed over years. On average over three research years the highest grain yields were obtained after sunflower and phacelia; however the yield increase, as compared with the control, was 3.3% only. Neither was there observed a significant effect of intercrop fertilisation method on barley yielding.
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