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In terrigenous rocks of the early Permian age, below the limestone P6, of the Western Donets Basin two new pteridosperm species have been identified. One of them had phyllosperms with seed scars situated near the base and in the middle part of a pinnule, at the ends of vein-like off-shoots. Its foliage consists of dichotomously branched pinnate to tripinnate fronds, sphenopteroid pinnules and intercalary pinnae and pinnules. The foliage is very variable. Immature, semi-mature, and mature pinnae and pinnules are known. These plants grew probably along the margins of floodplain lakes. The name Raminervia mariopteroides gen. et sp. n. is proposed here for them. The second species, Dichophyllum cuneata sp. n., is characterized by pinnate to bipinnate fronds with a dichotomy of the primary rachis, broadly wedge-shaped pinnules and similarly shaped intercalary pinnules. Plants of the species probably grew on elevated lots of the floodplain and on the alluvial-lacustrine plain.
Bryozoans from the Nordenskiöldbreen Formation (Middle Carboniferous Moscovian through Early Permian Sakmarian) and the Gipshuken Formation (late Sakmarian - late Artinskian), from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, are represented by 36 species (22 genera). One species is new: Hinaclema svalbardensis of the order Trepostomata. The bryozoan fauna is typical Boreal and resembles those from the Timan-Pechora region (western Siberia) and the Urals. Similarity indices based on generic composition show that the Boreal fauna became more endemic by the late Early Permian, clearly separated from the Tethyan faunas. Several species have stratigraphic ranges in Spitsbergen longer than elsewhere.
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Turrilepadids are not uncommon in late Paleozoic shales being often associated with ostracodes, foraminifers, and minute molluscs. In North America they range from the late Missippian (Chesterian) to early Permian (Leonardian). Sclerites of the inner scleritome row are more common than outer sclerites. Some clusters have been found. Sclerite consists of two layers with the thicker, lower layer penetrated by a transverse tubular structures oriented perpendicular to the sclerite surface, which may represent canals related to the papillae on the inner surface of the sclerite. Turrilepas Lepros sp. n., T. trigoniodes sp. n., T. asketos sp. n., Clarkeolepis alloeospinosa sp. n., and Ambonlepidas petalos gen. et sp. n. are proposed.
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