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Cross-protection between different pathotypes of Pepino mosaic virus representing Chilean 2 genotype

100%
Hasiow-Jaroszewska B., Minicka J., Pospieszny H.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2014
|
tom 13
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nr 5
Viral cross-protection in plants is a phenomenon, where a mild virus isolate can protect plants against damage caused by a severe challenge isolate of the same virus. It has been used on a large scale in cases where no resistant plants are available. We examined differences in cross-protection between pathotypes of Pepino mosaic virus representing Chilean 2 genotype. The potential of a mild PepMV-P22 isolate to protect tomato against more aggressive challenge isolates causing yellowing and necrotic symptoms was established. The challenge isolates were PepMV-P5-IY (yellowing), PepMV-P19 (necrotic) and PepMV-P22 K67E (artificial necrotic mutant of PepMV-P22 which differ from PepMV-P22 only by a point mutation). Efficient cross-protection was obtained using mild PepMV-P22 against PepMV-P5-IY. After a challenge inoculation with PepMV-P19 or PepMV-P22 K67E symptoms severity were significantly reduced in comparison to non-protected plants; however, necrotic symptoms appeared two months after coinfection. The real-time PCR analysis revealed that the level of accumulation of the necrotic isolate in tomato plants was even 5–7 times higher than that of PepMV-P22.
2

Temperature sensitivity of resistance to two pathotypes of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica oleracea

86%
Gabrielson R. L., Robak J.
Acta Agrobotanica
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1988
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tom 41
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nr 2
Several methods were evaluated in an attempt to develop a greenhouse screening procedure that would predict field resistance of brassica breeding lines to clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Several Brassica oleracea cultivars and breeding lines bred for resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae and a susceptible Chinese cabbage cultivar were exposed to high levels of inoculum of both pathotypes PB 6, PB 7 at 12,15,20, 25 and 30°C. No infection occurred on any host at 12°C. Chinese cabbage was heavily diseased from 15 - 30°C. Bagder Shipper cabbage, a cauliflower deriving resistance from this variety, and Oregon CR-1 broccoli were resistant to pathotype PB 6 at 15 and 20°C and partially resistant at 25 and 30°C. They were resistant to pathotype PB 7 and 15°C and almost totally susceptible at 20, 25° and 30°C. Oregon cabbage line OR 123 was resistant to pathotype PB 6 at 15°C at almost completely susceptible at 20, 25 and 30°C. It was resistant to pathotype PB 7 at all temperatures. Temperature sensitivity of resistance can partially explain why breeding lines are resistant in field trials and susceptible in greenhouse tests.
3

Variability in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the incitant of bacterial blight disease of rice

72%
Nayak D., Reddy P. R., Nayak P.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2009
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tom 49
|
nr 1
15-26
The virulence pattern of 52 bacterial strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal organism of bacterial blight disease of rice was assessed on 41 rice genotypes including five Japanese and five Philippines' differentials. A significant differential interaction observed among the bacterial isolates, the host-genotypes and in their interaction suggested that the host-genotypes differed in vertical resistance and bacterial isolates differed in virulence. The two Japanese differentials Kinmaze and Rantai Emas and two Philippines' differentials IR 8 and IR 20, exhibited highly susceptible reactions against all the 52 bacterial isolates. Five new Indian differentials were selected, one from each of the five clusters of genotypes obtained through hierarchical method of numerical analysis of the virulence pattern of 52 bacterial isolates on 41 host-genotypes. The 52 bacterial isolates could be grouped into six clusters on the basis of their pathogenicity pattern on five new Indian differentials, which were designated as Pathotype-1, 4, 7, 14, 15 and 16, following a standard computer generated virulence pattern chart. These pathotypes were comparable with the Japanese pathotype groups of I, II, III and IV and Philippines' pathotype groups of I, II, III, IV and V. The most virulent pathotype-1 was distributed over four eastern states of India, namely Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal and Bihar. In view of the free exchange of genetic material all over the country, continuous monitoring of the prevalence of new pathotypes with the help of the present set of differentials, will accelerate the resistance breeding programme and help in disease control through introduction of location specific resistant cultivars.
4

Characterisation of porcine enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated in Northeastern India

72%
Kylla H., Dutta T. K., Roychoudhury P., Subudhi P. K., Lalhruaipuii, Lalsiamthara J., Mandakini R.
Journal of Veterinary Research
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2020
|
tom 64
|
nr 3
5

Sequence analysis of meq oncogene among Polish strains of Marek's disease

58%
Wozniakowski G., Samorek-Salamonowicz E., Kozdrun W.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2010
|
tom 13
|
nr 2
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