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Lipids obtained from the muscular and adipose tissues of the European beaver were isolated by the modified Folch method. Fatty acids were converted to methyl esters and separated by high-resolution gas chromatography (HR-GC). The content and composition of beaver fat depended on the sex of a given animal. The adipose subcutaneous tissue of the female contained the most fat (approximately 70.5%). The fat content of muscular tissue was very low in both male and female beavers. Adipose tissue lipids of the beaver contained fatty acids ranging in chain length from 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have the highest proportion in of total FA content of adipose tissue in the beaver, which distinguishes these lipids from the lipids of adipose tissues in other mammals. The results of the present study also confirmed a unique FA composition in the tail fat of the beaver, including a very high content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 n-3) (on average 20.0%) and the sum of n-3 fatty acids (on average 20.45%). In addition, a very low content of the sum of saturated fatty acids (on average 14.93%) was observed, and an extremely low content, as for animal fat, of palmitic acid 16:0 (on average 10.53%).
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence phase of lactation on the concentration of saturated fatty acid in milk of high performance dairy cows. The experiment was conducted on the twenty PHF cows at experimental dairy farm of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences. The cows were kept in a free-stall dairy shed and fed on TMR (total mixed ration) diet. The cows had continuous access to water, TMR diet was provided for ad libitum intake. Milk samples were collected 10-times during the first 10 month of lactation (once a month). Milk from the initial phase of lactation characterized by the lowest level of saturated fatty acid including: C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0 and the highest level of BA compared with the final period. Stage of lactation significantly influenced the concentration of saturated fatty acids in milk of analyzed cows.
The samples containing rapeseed oil and palm stearin, both initial blends and interesterified products, crystallised in the ß form. The partial substitution of palm stearin for hydrogenated palm stearin caused that besides the ß crystal form also ß crystal form occurred in the reaction products. The amount of the ß form was the greater, the more palm stearin was replaced with partially hydrogenated stearin. The presence of trans isomers, but not the sample content of palmitic acid, was the main factor that delayed the ß to ß transition. In addition, the amount of ß crystal form was found to be greater in products containing partial acylglycerols (mostly diacylglycerols) besides triacylglycerols than in pure respective triacylglycerols.
The ethyl acetate fractions of aqueous extracts from two submerged macrophytes Potamogeton malaianus and Potamogeton maackianus were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The allelopathic activities and joint effects of the main components in ethyl acetate fractions on Microcystis aeruginosa were also determined. The results indicated that primary compositions in the ethyl acetate fractions were fatty acids, phenolic acids and hydroxy fatty acids that possessed antialgal activities. The joint effect assay for palmitic acid, benzoic acid and lactic acid showed that the additional effects were observed in the mixed organic acid, namely, the inhibitory effects of mixture groups were stronger than that of each compound alone on the growth of M. aeruginosa.
Celem badań było określenie wpływu nawożenia siarką elementarną lub jonową stosowaną doglebowo lub dolistnie w ilości 20 i 60 kg ha -1 na zawartość kwasu oleinowego i palmitynowego w nasionach rzepaku jarego odmiany Star.Wykazano, iż nawożenie siarką ogranicza syntezę badanych kwasów tłuszczowych. Ujemny wpływ siarki był modyfikowany warunkami pogodowymi. Zarówno nawożenie siarką, jak i warunki pogodowe, w znacznie większym stopniu ograniczały zawartość kwasu palmitynowego niż oleinowego.
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