The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of interferon-tau (IFN-τ) with or without steroid hormones, 17ß estradiol or progesterone, on the proliferation of bovine endometrial cells in vitro. Endometrial epithelial and stromal cells were isolated from the uterus of cows during the early estrus cycle (2-3 days) and incubated with different doses of IFN-τ with or without steroid hormones. The proliferation was determined by the MTT test in 48, 96, and 144 h of incubation. An antiproliferative activity of IFN-τ was observed both in epithelial and stromal cells cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS or serum replacement. However, epithelial cells were more sensitive to antiproliferative action of interferon-tau. It;s activity was dose- and time-dependent. The inhibition of epithelial cell proliferation by 50% (ED50) was achieved at concentrations of 500 U/ml, 340 U/ml, and 8.8 U/ml of IFN-τ after 48, 96, and 144 h of incubation, respectively. None of the doses of IFN-τ (10-10.000 U/ml) used inhibited stromal cell proliferation in 50%. The most effective dose of IFN-τ inhibiting stromal cell proliferation was 10.000 U/ml, which decreased cell growth by 17.08%, 22.87%, and 2.6% after 48, 96, and 144 h of incubation, respectively. Steroid hormones, 17ß estradiol and progesterone, added to the culture of stromal cells with or without IFN-τ did not significantly modulate stromal cell growth. In contrast, a high concentration of progesterone (10-5M) alone significantly enhanced stromal cell growth. Progesterone at low, physiological concentrations (107 - 10-9 M) ameliorated the antiproliferative activity of IFN-τ, especially at the 109 M concentration. At this concentration, the stimulatory effect on stromal cell growth was observed. The mechanisms of such response are not entirely clear but may arise from the influence of IFN-τ on progesterone down regulation of its own receptor. Depicted activity of IFN-τ may find usefulness in therapy of neoplastic disorders.
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