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One of the result of human economy activity is the existence of expanse areas being post-industrial west lands - without plant cover and its surface is usually covered by specific substratum (e.g. coal dust) By means of transect system it has been investigated which species, and how fast manage to establish on those habitats. New data for species observed by such methods have been obtained. The investigation on primary succession on coal mine sedimentation pools (lagoons) has been carried out for seven years on 137 objects (few hectares each). The presented paper contains: the list of grass species observed on (all 137) objects; ecological characteristics of stated species; the frequency of the plants occurrence; the participation of grasses among species which establish first on the bare coal dust substratum; the grass participation in flora composition during the plant cover development; the grasses participation in plant communities. There are some grass species which occur quite often on the investigated objects such as: Agropyron repens, Agrostis stolonifera, Apera spica-venti, Calamagrostis epigejos, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia caespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phragmites australis, Poa annua, Poa compressa subsp. compressa and Poa pratensis. Many aspects of the problem of plant cover creation on post-industrial wastelands still need to be explained.
Storm-water treatment in oil-separators and sedimentation tanks in the context of the legal acts and regulations. The article presents the basis of legal acts and regulations for storm-water treatment plants designing, the way of oil-separators nominal capacity determining, the size of sedimentation tank selection and the maintenance conditions. The storm-water runoffs from the tight surfaces which is passes through the tight drainage system, could be discharged to the surface water or to the ground if the law requirements are met. Oil separators and sedimentation tanks are the common used equipment for the storm-water treatment. The practical usage of the oil separators and sedimentation tanks is boiled down to their 152 H. Sawicka-Siarkiewicz proper matching on the basis of the catchment type and parameters, runoffs contamination, the effl uent standards and receiver characteristic.
The natural environment in areas where zinc and lead ores are mined and processed has been significantly transformed. Such mining areas in Poland are also contaminated with these elements on a European-wide scale. Industrial zinc and lead ores occur in the Bytom-Tarnowskie Góry, Olkusz-Siewierz and Chrzanów-Trzebinia regions. The application of raw material enrichment by flotation and waste hydrotransport waste leads to the generation of postflotation heaps in the form of settling tanks surrounded by embankments. Postflotation waste contains heavy metals, mainly zinc, cadmium and lead, being environmental pollutants. Methods for the effective reclamation of such areas have not yet been developed and the management of such waste poses many difficulties. The authors discuss this problem using the Bukowno Mining and Melting Plant as an example.
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