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Genotypic differentiation among 10 isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands and 24 isolates of Phytophthora citricola Sawada from 12 different plant species grown in Polish ornamental nurseries was determined. DNA was extracted from pure pathogen cultures and amplified by the PCR technique using ISSR and RAPD primers. 9 primers were used to amplify P. cinnamomi and 8 to amplify P. citricola DNA. The analyzed amplification products were between 300 and 2300 bp. The genotypical differentiation was from 17 to 35% in P. cinnamomi and from 10 to 60% in P. citricola. Isolates from host plants of the same family showed, with some exceptions, similar levels of differentiation.
Phytophthora citricola Sawada was detected from 3 water pools situated in 2 container- grown nurseries. The highest number of spots on rhododendron leaves were observed in June whereas the lowest in October. The use of water for plant sprinkling caused browning, yellowing of shoots and root rot of Buxus sempervirens, and blight of shoot tips of Thuja occidentalis and Rhododendron sp. The disease symptoms were observed already in June and the disease developed till the first decade of October. Losses caused by the species varied from 9 to 56%.
Phytophthora cryptogea was isolated from diseased stem base of Aquilegia discolor and rotted leaves of Saxifraga and Sempervivum spp. Additionally, Fusarium species and Botrytis cinerea were frequently isolated from diseased parts of plants. Most of Sempervivum species and cultivars except S. soculiferum were colonized in laboratory conditions by P. cryptogea. The isolates from Alstroemeria aurantiaca, Gerbera jamesonii, Saxifraga arendsii, S. paniculata, Sempervivum arachnoideum colonised houseleek leaves with the fastest spread of necrosis on plant parts inoculated with cultures from Gerbera and S. arendsii. The isolate from S. arendsii colonized 5 species and cultivars of saxifrage as well as Iberis sempervivum, Lavendula angustifolia, Sempervivum sobuliferum and Vinca minor with the slowest development on periwinkle. In laboratory trials isolate of P. cryptogea from houseleek grew on PDA and colonized leaves of that plant at temperature ranging from about 10 to 32.5°C with optimum at 20-30°C.
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