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New cases of pathogens imported with ornamental fish

100%

Sobecka E., Luczak E., Marcinkiewicz M.

Biological Letters

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2012

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tom 49

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nr 1

2

Effects of medical plant extracts on the growth of the fish parasite Spironucleus vortens

100%

Puk K., Guz L.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2014

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tom 70

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nr 03

The economic importance of Spironucleus diseases led the authors to study the effect of aqueous and ethanol plant extracts on the growth of S. vortens. In the present study 0.025 g L⁻¹, 0.05 g L⁻¹ and 0.10 g L⁻¹ (w/v) aquatic and ethanol extracts of tetterwort (Chelidonium majus), purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), garlic (Allium sativum), chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), Bryophyllum pinnatum (Kolanchoe pinnata), oregano (Origanum vulgare), tansy (Tanacetum vulgare), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and yarrow (Achillea millefolium) were tested against in vitro growth of Spironucleus vortens isolated from the digestive tract of discus (Symphysodon discus). The extracts of chestnut, garlic, horseradish, oregano and tansy were found to be the most effective. The 0.10 g L⁻¹ extracts of these plants attained a high level of over 90% parasite growth inhibition, while their 0.025 g L⁻¹ extracts, with the exception of the oregano, attained 60% parasite growth inhibition. The results of the study confirmed that natural products are potential sources of new agents for the treatment and control of spironucleosis.

3

The structure and the embryogenetic role of eggs and egg membranes of Ancistrus dolichopterus (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

80%

Brysiewicz A., Szulc J., Formicki K., Tanski A., Korzelecka–Orkisz A.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2011

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tom 41

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nr 3

Background. Bushymouth catfish, Ancistrus dolichopterus Kner, 1854 has raised interest among ornamental fish keepers. Its natural populations are seriously threatened by fishing pressure. The reproduction of this species is difficult to perform (in captivity) and to observe because it occurs at night in shaded areas—most frequently in hiding spots. This study was intended to describe the eggs and their membranes of bushymouth catfish known to provide a parental care during egg development. A special focus of this study was directed towards the microstructure of membranes protecting life cells, and known to be impacted by the environmental conditions the egg morphometric analysis, as well as embryonic development. Materials and methods. The material for the study consisted of the eggs of 3 pairs of bushymouth catfish obtained as a result of their spawning in an aquarium culture. The fertilised eggs were incubated at a constant temperature of 24 ± 0.2°C in water of hardness 17°n, pH 6.5. The utrastructural details of egg membranes were viewed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Also egg membrane resistance and egg diameters were determined. Images of eggs and newly hatched larvae were measured and analysed. Results. Average egg diameter was 2.98 mm and surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) was 2.01. Internal and external layers of egg membranes showed various structure peculiarities in the surface microstructure of studied eggs.We found that in comparison to other fish the thickness of egg membrane in the bushymouth catfish was high (26.05 μm). External layer had no pores leading to external radial zone (zona radiata externa), however, some specific honeycomb-like formations were visible. The resistance of the egg membrane was 54 ± 1.7 g and the egg mass was 0.017 ± 0.0001 g. The correlation between the resistance and the thickness of the egg membranes was not high, but the correlation between the mass and the resistance was significant. Conclusion. The presently reported study constitutes a contribution to the knowledge of the eggs and embryonic development of bushymouth catfish, and its biological sense, emphasizing the morphophysiological differences between this species—living under, specific, diversified ecological conditions. Such knowledge on early developmental stages may be prove helpful in the fish culturist’s practice of this threatened and interesting species.

4

Embryogenesis of the stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae)

80%

Korzelecka-Orkisz A., Smaruj I., Pawlos D., Robakowski P., Tanski A., Szulc J., Formicki K.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2010

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tom 40

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nr 2

Background. The stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794), has recently raised interest among fish farmers, ornamental fish keepers, and pathologists. Its natural populations are threatened due to habitat loss and high fishing pressure. A number of factors may influence the reproductive success of this. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of one of such factors—the water hardness—on the course of the embryogenesis, the structure of the egg shell, the general morphology, and the behaviour of the hatched larvae. Materials and Methods. The fertilised eggs were incubated at a constant temperature of 23 ± 0.2°C in water of different hardness: 0°GH (soft), 9°GH (moderately soft), 18°GH (moderately hard). Egg membranes of activated eggs were viewed under a scanning electron microscope. Also egg membranes strength and egg deformations were determined 1.5 h after fertilisation. Images of eggs and newly hatched larvae, recorded with the observation sets described above, were measured and analysed. Results. The study showed the eggs were surrounded by thin, translucent, ~5 μm thick membranes equipped with numerous outgrowths on the external surface and porous on the inner side. The following observations were made within 828 h° (degree-hour) at 23 ± 0.2°C: the highest volume of eggs (1.16 ± 0.092 mm3) was typical for eggs incubated in soft water (0°GH), while the lowest egg volume (0.99 ± 0.113 mm3) was recorded in eggs incubated in moderately soft water (9°GH); yolks spheres were greenish in colour, the embryonic disc and the embryo itself being reddish; the embryo performed diverse movements (quasi-peristaltic, cardiac muscle contractions); after few hours of hatching, the pigments developed resulting in colour appearance; club-like primordial barbels were formed 24 h after hatching; the larvae commenced feeding on day 3 post hatching. Conclusion. Water hardness influences embryonic and larval development and the effects may be diverse. Low water hardness is recommended for egg incubation. However, the situation changed when the egg membrane protection ceased to exist at hatching. Increasing water hardness a few hours prior to the expected hatching time prevents larval deformation.

5

Effects of copper toxicity on growth, reproduction and metal accumulation in chosen ornamental fishes

80%

James R., Sampath K., Jothilakshmi S., Vasundhevan I., Thangarathinam R.

International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

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2008

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tom 08

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nr 1

The 96 h LC50 values of copper for Carassius auratus and Xiphophorus helleri were 0.30 and 0.36 ppm. Sublethal concentrations of copper affected specific growth rate and reproductive performance in both species. Metal accumulation in muscle and gonad tissues was linearly increased with increase in sublethal levels of copper and exposure period. Young ones accumulated same or more amount of metal found in gonad tissue of parent fish and it might be due to the direct transfer of copper from gonad to young ones during development. Metal accumulation caused significant (P<0.05) reduction in mean diameter and weight of eggs in C. auratus and mean body length and weight of fry in X. helleri. Ovo-viviparous fish is more severely affected by copper toxicity than oviparous fish.

6

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Determination of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite concentrations in marine water samples with cultured marine ornamental fish water sample analysis

80%

Manikandarajan T., Ramamoorthy K., Shanmugasundaram S., Eswar A., Kathirvel K., Sankar G.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2015

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tom 42

The present studies were concentration of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity and pH. For seven physicochemical parameters were determined in marine water samples along with marine ornamental fish water sources from CAS in marine biology laboratory conditions at Parangipettai. Water sample have been studied at a marine water sources. The study concentrations of parameters like ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, and pH. And physicochemical parameters have been calculated. The data showed the difference of the investigated parameters in samples as follows; Concentration of water quality parameters like ammonia was maximum level above 1.158 μmol¯1, nitrite was ranging from 0.811 to 0.922 μmol¯1, nitrate was range maximum level above 4.84 μmol¯1, dissolved oxygen content was maximum level above 2.4 mg¯1, temperature was ranging from 32.3 to 100 °C, salinity values ranging from 0 to 36ppt and pH was ranging from 6.5 to 8.0. During the study period of from July 2013 to June 2014 we investigated concentration of seven physicochemical parameters value Marine water samples with cultured fish species in presence of water from CAS in Marine Biology laboratory Annamalai University at Parangipettai.

Ograniczanie wyników

New cases of pathogens imported with ornamental fish

Effects of medical plant extracts on the growth of the fish parasite Spironucleus vortens

The structure and the embryogenetic role of eggs and egg membranes of Ancistrus dolichopterus (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

Embryogenesis of the stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae)

Effects of copper toxicity on growth, reproduction and metal accumulation in chosen ornamental fishes

Determination of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite concentrations in marine water samples with cultured marine ornamental fish water sample analysis