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On the basis of the field experiment carried out at the Experimental Station at Jadwisin (52°29’ N; 21°03’ E), Polish mid-early potato cultivar Triada was grown on sandy loam in years 2004 and 2005 in 6 treatments, which included the application of water and nitrogen: organic (cattle manure) and mineral. Water drip irrigation and nitrogen fertigation were scheduled by the Decision Support System (DSS). Diverse water supplies and organic or mineral nitrogen did not change harvest index (HI) values, which varied between 0.7 and 0.8 at the end of the growing period. Average tuber dry matter yield, about 11.0 t∙ha⁻¹, in both years of the investigation was reached with different HI values: 0.78 for 2004, and 0.73 for 2005. Higher percentage of biomass distributed to tubers was found in 2004, which was characterized by lower cumulative thermal time and global radiation, as well as better water balance in comparison with the growing period of 2005.
The study included the measurement of the concentrations of N-NO₃⁻, N-NH₄⁺and organic nitrogen in the ground water of cultivated fields, and in the water of the subdrain as well as in the water of a small pond. The investigation included different forms of nitrogen in the precipitation and the run-off water. The water of the subdrain was characterized by a relatively richness in nitrates. The highest concentrations of nitrates were measured in the water of the subdrain. However, N-NH₄⁺ dominated in the precipitation water. Moreover, the contents of organic nitrogen were the highest in the water of the run-off. It was observed that 57% of the total amount of nitrogen supplies to the pond remained in a dissolved form. In general, the small pond showed a high decrease in different forms of nitrogen and showed a high degree of biological transformation. Evidently, the small pond of the agricultural landscape functions as a very efficient biogeochemical barrier.
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