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The prerequisite of conducting investigations on the water retention ability of the organic layers of forest soils in case of simulated rainfall was developing of appropriate methods of sampling and methods of conducting the experiment. The basic assumptions need: 1. botanical unifor­mity of analyzed samples, 2. the way that the samples are collected, including the succession of soil layers and slope inclination, 3. unification of the conditions for conducting experiments in respect to the intensity and duration of rainfall and the length of breaks between consecutive rainfalls, 4. conducting investigations within the entire range of moisture contents of soil samples.
The amount of water stored in forest soils was estimated on the basis of 358 experimental trials with 18 monoliths taken from forest soils. Rainfall was simulated in two cycles of different length of break between rainfall events. The results showed, that the amount of water stored in forest soils was influenced both by the initial moisture content in samples and by the length of time between consecutive rainfall events (duration of drying). The ascertained differences in the amount of water stored in a sample amounted from 30% to 200% and were larger in case of longer breaks between consecutive rainfalls. The results can be explained by the differences in duration of water absorption by the particles of organic matter. The results indicated also, that the maximum amounts of water stored after a single rainfall event in organic layers of forest soils is larger than the maximum amount stored in the organic layer of a meadow soil of similar depth.
The regression formulas indicate a significant relationship between the initial moisture content and the density of soils with different content of organic matter. Differences in soil density can also explain the variability in the amount of water stored after a single rainfall episode Statistical tests indicated, that soil density explains 77% of the variability in the optimal initial moisture content and 69% of the variability of the largest increases in the amount of water stored in the sample. For the experiments with longer breaks between two consecutive rainfall episodes the error of estimation was smaller than for experiments with shorter breaks: this suggest, that the time of absorption of water by the organic matter in forest soils is also an important factor.
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