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Since serological methods used in the diagnosis of pneumocystosis may be helpful to a various extent, depending on the stage of a diagnosed infection, it was decided to evaluate the usefulness of some the methods in the course of infection. Wistar rats were used in the experiments. The animals were administered hydrocortisone infections for 12 weeks to induce immunosuppression and activate naturally occurring asymptomatic infections with Pneumocystis carinii. Blood samples and specimes of lung tissues were collected, then they were examined for the presence of specific IgG and IgM antibodies, circulating antigen of Pneumocystsis carinii and circulating immune complexes using immunoenzymatic assays. The results of the above experiments indicated, that in an early stage of infection, the examinations of serum samples for circulating immune complexes were helpful, particularly for these with IgM antibodies.
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Selected clinical problems have been discussed in the light of new data on pathogenesis. This has been illustrated by own observations in trichinellosis patients. Value of nail fald capillaroscopy in estimation of spread and intensity of capillary lesions in trichinellosis has been discussed. Changes in eosinophilia have been presented in patients treated with anthelmintics or corticosteroids at the acute stage of symptoms (3rd week). Pathophysiology of gastrointestinal phase of invasion has been discussed and pathomorphology of small intestine biopsies has been presented as observed in trichinellosis patients with diarrhoea. Attention has been drawn to atypical course of trichinellosis, noted with increasing frequency, particularly in persons infected with sylvatic strain of Trichinella spiralis. It is worth stressing that in patients exhibiting an atypical, clinical pattern of trfchinellosis accompanied by low blood eosinophilia, treatment with anthelmintics and corticosteroids is started as a rule with a delay, thus promoting a very intense Trichinella invasion and unfavourable outcome.
We aimed at analysis of the clinical pattern and the course of lymphonodular toxoplasmosis taking into account the intensity and duration of the illness. Ninety seven patients (69 adults and 28 children) with lymphonodular toxoplasmosis were examined. Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescence; the titres of antibodies of IgG and IgM classes were also estimated. Depending on the duration of the illness, three periods: early, regression of symptoms and protraction of symptoms were defined; depending on the intensity of signs and symptoms of toxoplasmosis three courses of the disease: acute, subacute and chronic were defined. The analysis showed that clinical picture of lymphonodular toxoplasmosis was characterized by swelling of various peripheral lymph nodes as well as by general clinical symptoms (88 ,7% of cases) the intensity and duration of which, to a large extent, determined course of the illness. No correlation between clinical course and duration (early and regression period) of lymphonodular toxoplasmosis and titres IFA-IgG and IFA-IgM (before therapy) was found. Pathomorphology of lymph nodes in patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenopathy is a valuable complementary examination which renders it possible to determine the period of the disease.
Возможность определения пригодности оценки семени для воспроизводительной квалификации проверена на 609 баранах пододы меринос польский (МП) и 256 баранах породы рамни марш (РМ). Плодовитость всех допущенных к случке баранов, независимо от результата опенки семени, оценивалась иа основе покрытия в дной охоте, и составляла 78,8% для МП и 58,0% — для РМ. Установлена существенная зависимость между признаками семени (подвижность и густота) и плодовитостью. Однако, 37 (6,1%) баранов породы МП и 65 (25,4%) — породы РМ с некро- или астено- спермией и 15 голов — с азооспермией обеих пород проявили соответственно 58,3%, 47,4% и 45,2% плодовитости. Полное бесплодие обнаружили только у 9 баранов. У 24 баранов, избранных из группы со сниженным качеством семени, установленным перед случкой, семя как и плодовитость приходили в норму в течение 3—4 недель. Прогноз плодовитости на основании оценки семени возможен только в том случае, если подтверждена нормоспермия. В случае обнаружения сниженного качества семени исключение животных возможно только при одновременном установлении болезненных изменений внешних половых органов.
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