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Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the article is to determine the level of accessibility of personal computers and the Internet and their use for distance work by professionally active persons with disabilities living in rural areas throughout Poland. Materials and methods: Surveys were carried out during the period from June 30, 2010, to May 31, 2011, on a sample of 5,000 persons with disabilities, 1359 of whom, during the last 30 days of the survey, were gainfully employed - they were professionally active. The area of research included randomly selected rural and urbanrural communes in sixteen provinces. Results: Personal computers and the Internet are most often used by the group of young people with disabilities and those who conduct their business activities in communes. Personal computers and the Internet are most often used by disabled persons with physical, sensory and complex disorders. Conclusions: It is necessary to intensify organisational, technical and legal activities and efforts that will contribute to a fuller and wider use of computers, the Internet and other assistive technology by people with disabilities.
Our paper presents a model of the water-pipe network for the Kawie Góry supply zone. The zone under analysis is part of the network operated by the PWiK (Water-Pipe and Sewage Company) in Czestochowa. The model was made in the Epanet program using numerical and operational data. The water-pipe network under examination supplies water to a family housing estate and is fed from a field water-supply reservoir. The total population of the area is approx. 1,500 people, the length of the waterpipe network is 11,704 running meters, and the pipe diameter range is 100-150 mm. The pipes are made of grey cast-iron, PE, and PVC. Based on the selected measurement points, calibration of the model was performed. Within the validation of the model, sensitivity analysis was made. Then, a series of simulations were performed to illustrate the network operation for variable water supply and demand conditions. Multi-period analysis was employed for modeling. The developed model made it possible to determine the magnitude of pressure in the network points, and flows in particular sections for operational parameters under consideration. The prepared model can also provide a base for alternative network management variants, for example in the case of failure or increased water demand and enable the forecasting of possible water shortage locations. In the event of the development of the network, in turn, it will enable the optimal design of new lines.
Network modularity is a well-studied large-scale connectivity pattern in networks. The detection of modules in real networks constitutes a crucial step towards a description of the network building blocks and their evolutionary dynamics. The performance of modularity detection algorithms is commonly quantified using simulated networks data. However, a comparison of the modularity algorithms utility for real biological data is scarce. Here we investigate the utility of network modularity algorithms for the classification of ecological plant communities. Plant community classification by the traditional approaches requires prior knowledge about the characteristic and differential species, which are derived from a manual inspection of vegetation tables. Using the raw species abundance data we constructed six different networks that vary in their edge definitions. Four network modularity algorithms were examined for their ability to detect the traditionally recognized plant communities. The use of more restrictive edge definitions significantly increased the accuracy of community detection, that is, the correspondence between network-based and traditional community classification. Random-walk based modularity methods yielded slightly better results than approaches based on the modularity function. For the whole network, the average agreement between the manual classification and the network-based modules is 76% with varying congruence levels for different communities ranging between 11% and 100%. The network-based approach recovered the known ecological gradient from riverside – sand and gravel bank vegetation – to dryer habitats like semidry grassland on dykes. Our results show that networks modularity algorithms offer new avenues of pursuit for the computational analysis of species communities.
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In the article the problems and obstacles of developing information technologies of society in Ukraine are explored. The positive and negative consequences of influencing are certain and usage of the information technologies in the life of Ukrainian people. The concretes examples are considered.
The basic special features of franchise business in Europe are analysed. The mechanism of the performance of franchise relations between EU member-states and Ukraine is studied. The growth rate of the increase in the number of European franchise networks in the Ukrainian market is considered. The experience of the activity of Polish franchise networks in Ukraine is analysed. The efficiency and main advantages of a franchise strategy in the Ukrainian market are proved. The influence of the increase in the number of franchise outlets on Poland’s GDP is made clear. The article aims to investigate the special features of a franchise strategy of the entry of European networks into the Ukrainian market. The article is characterized with practical and social implications as regards extending the knowledge of the possibilities to use European franchises in the Ukraine.
VPS33B, a human Vacuolar Protein Sorting (VPS) protein which mediates the phagolysosomal fusion in macrophage of the eukaryotic organisms. This protein has a great role during the mycobacterial infections, which binds with the Mycobacterium protein tyrosine phosphatase A (PtpA). A single functional domain of PtpA has been identified using SMART domain databases, followed by finding the antigenicity of PtpA using CLC main workbench tool. The protein-protein interaction network predicts the interface of biological functions of proteins, built by using Cytoscape 2.8.3 version tool for manual literature survey of protein sets. According to the literature the specific interactivity of PtpA with VPS33B of human lead to pathogenesis, and provided a good platform to find the structure of VPS33B as it lacks the 3 dimensional structure in PDB. Homology Modelling of VPS33B provides a significant properties to design a specific drug through screening the drug databases (eDrug3D). The modelled protein has been validated through SAVES server maintained by NIH and UCLA with the standard Ramachandran plot with accuracy of 90.7 %. From our findings the interface residues are very crucial points which has been found through docking the modelled protein and Mycobacterium protein and interface residues were selected manually using PyMol software.
Subject and purpose of work: The paper focuses on identifying and assessing selected conditions and limitations of smart rural development in Poland. The concepts of smart development pointed out in the literature were used to analyse the results of field studies carried out in 2011 and 2016 in ten purposefully selected villages located in various regions of the country. Materials and methods: The conclusions were drawn on the basis of empirical material which took a form of quantitative data and qualitative information gathered from the interviews with village mayors (sołtys) and observations of the interviewers. For the purpose of the paper the statistical methods were used and the analysis of the content of responses was performed. Results and conclusions: The results of the surveys indicated a presence of both the potential of smart development in the surveyed villages and the barriers to it. The important determinants to activate local economic progress based on knowledge, education and new technologies were connected mainly with a convenient location and the environmental and cultural resources available. As for an insufficient level of valorisation of the aforementioned elements, it proved to be an obstacle to this process, which was largely due to the limited accumulation of human and social capital.
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This paper is about evaluation of the implementation of Local Rural Development Strategies (LRDS). We have examined what the success of the seven Leader principles is, because many LRDSs could only partly achieve their goals. The mid-term review of these strategies is going on right now. So there is still opportunity to change the regulation in order to make the accomplishment of this initiative more prosperous. If the system changes in a positive way, there will be development. If the change is undesired, there will be decay or degradation. The aim of our article is to assist to the development of the new Leader Programme. By this article we would like to improve the Hungarian Leader program, which will be able to generate development in a positive way. In addition, we would like to highlight the importance of the viability which is the basic condition of operation of LAGs. As long as viability is not present in a community, it is difficult to talk about endogenous development. If viability is present in a community, the heuristic self-organisation theory needs to be adopted. Leader initiative is said to be socially inclusive. However, our research findings have shown that Leader partnerships in Hungary are not based on full inclusion, since LAGs are often characterized by male dominance and there is a danger that partnerships may be controlled by elite groups.
Interaction networks are a tool to visualize and to study the relationships between interacting species across and within trophic levels. Recent research uncovered many properties of such networks that remained undetected in previous food web studies. These patterns could be related to evolutionary and ecological processes. The study of interaction networks promises therefore progress in the study of constraints that act on the coevolution of interacting species and on food webs. However, there are still many pitfalls associated with the statistical analysis, the properties of the metrics involved and the appropriate null model choice. Here I review the mechanisms that shape interaction matrices, the possible internal structures and their ecological interpretation, and the analytical tools to identify matrix structure. Progress in the field needs critical meta-analytical and comparative studies that indentify the best suited null models (low type I and II error probabilities and high power to disentangle statistical from ecological processes) and clarify the interdependence of different concepts and metrics associated with network approaches. It is not improbable that many patterns recently associated with ecological and evolutionary processes might turn out to be simple side effects of the sampling from the underlying metacommunity distributions.
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