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Naked oat variety of STH296 showed higher tolerance than traditional variety Bajka on short-term UV-B radiation (UV-BBe=11 kj-m2) on the stage of primary photosynthesis reaction recorded using chlorophyll fluorescence induction of the leaves.
The aim of the study was to determine the chemical composition of the colostrum and milk of sows fed diets containing naked oats. The study was carried out on 45 Polish Landrace sows assigned to three groups, 2 experimental and one control, with 15 individuals in each group. In the late gestation period the sows were also fed a diet including naked oats. The ration fed to the experimental groups contained 20% (D₁) and 40% (D₂) naked oats of the Akt variety. The chemical composition of the colostrum and milk of the sows was tested during the first, second and third lactation. Colostrum and milk for chemical analysis were collected on days 1, 7 and 21 of lactation (basic composition) following prior administration of 2 ml of oxytocin. The level of lactoglobulins in the colostrum and milk was determined on days 1 and 7 of lactation, and the fatty acid profile on day 7. On both days 7 and 21 of lactation the milk of the sows in the experimental groups had a higher percentage of fat than in the control. The milk of the experimental sows also contained higher percentages of linoleic and linolenic acids. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) were shown in the percentages of these acids in the milk of sows during each lactation between the D₂ groups and the control groups.
The present study was carried out in the period 2007– 2009 in the Experimental Farm in Bezek near the city of Chełm. The aim of the investigation was to compare weed infestation of the husked (Krezus) and naked (Cacko) oat cultivars cultivated under conditions of different weed control treatments. The following weed control levels were compared: A – control object; B – harrowing twice; C – application of the herbicide Mustang 306 SE; D – herbicide Mustang 306 SE + foliar fertilizer Insol 3; E – herbicide Mustang 306 SE + two foliar fertilizers: Insol 3 and FoliCare 18:18:18. The husked oat cv. Krezus was more competitive against weeds. Number of dicotyledonous weeds and of monocotyledonous weeds, total weeds, and air-dry weight of above-ground parts of weeds in the crop of this cultivar were all significantly lower compared to the naked cv. Cacko. From the group of dicotyledonous species, Chenopodium album, Galinsoga parviflora, Matricaria maritima ssp. inodora, Polygonum aviculare, and Stellaria media were the dominant species in the crops of the oat varieties under investigation, whereas among the monocotyledonous species Echinochloa crus-galli, Setaria pumila, Apera spica-venti, and Elymus repens occurred in greatest numbers. The application of the herbicide Mustang 306 SE decreased the number of dicotyledonous weeds and air-dry weight of weeds, compared to the treatment in which mechanical weed control had been used.
Field experiments were conducted in two localities: Prusy (50°07’ N; 20°04’ E – one experiment) and Wierzbica (50°29’ N; 19°45’ E – two experiments) in 2003. The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of agronomic factors on the grain yield and on the content of macroelements in grain of different forms of naked oat. In Wierzbica the grain yield was determined statistically by the genotype, the phosphorus and potassium fertilization and the application of the plants growth regulator Moddus. In Prusy grain yield was determined only by the genotype (cultivars, strains). A concentration of macroelements in forms of oat was statistically different. In both localities the phosphorus and potassium fertilization and foliar application of urea, in general, had not the statistical influence on the content of the macroelements. An exception is the influence of the foliar application of urea on the content of potassium. Plant growth regulator Moddus caused changes in the content of macroelements. These changes were not always statistically significant, but always increased the concentration of macroelements. The second plant growth regulator Promalin did not cause changes in the concentration of macroelements.
A field trial was carried out to determine the infection of 19 breeds and 1 cultivar of naked oat with the fungi Erysiphe graminis, Puccinia coronata and Drechslera avenae. The infection with two former species of fungi varied apparently between oat breeds. The degree of infestation had no effect on oat yields. The seeds of oat were used to isolate 25 saprophytic and pathogenic species of fungi. Among the former, Altenaria alternata and Epicoccum purpurascens were dominating. Among the pathogenic species, the most common were fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium, responsible of mycotoxins.
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