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Seeds of muskmelon (Cucumis melo) cultivars viz. Pb. Hybrid and Pb. Sunehri were osmoconditioned with Polyethylene glycol j(PEG) and KNO, solutions to enhance their performance at low temperature. Osmoconditioning both with PEG 6000 and KNO3 increased per cent germination, speed of germination, vigour in terms of dry weight and length of the seedlings and root/shoot ratios. KNO3 priming recorded more pronounced effect in all the above mentioned parameters. Other vigour parameters such as electrical conductance of seed leachates was decreased with osmoconditioning while dehydrogenase activity was enhanced. Osmoconditioning resulted in increased activity of amylases.
In our study, we investigated how crop rotation of a spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) products affected the weed density and coverage area in organic crop production. The weed coverage areas and densities (weeds m–2 ) of summer crops produced in rotation with winter crops were compared with those of control plots in the experimental area. As a result of this comparison, the most effective winter crops for reducing weed density in silage maize were found to be broccoli (50.4%), barley + vetch (48.3%) and faba bean (45.3%). When the effect of winter crops on weeds in terms of muskmelon production was examined, barley + vetch (53.2%), broccoli (36.1%) and faba bean (33.4%) were found to reduce the density of weeds. In contrast, the application of barley + vetch (67.0%), faba bean (65.3) and broccoli (62.0%) was the most effective applications for the muskmelon product in terms of weed coverage area; spinach (24.7%) and constantly weedless (16.8%) applications were less effective. When the silage maize and muskmelon yield results were examined, it was determined that yield differences were statistically significant. It was also determined that the highest yield was obtained from the barley + vetch rotations. This application effectiveness was followed by that of the faba bean, constantly weedless, broccoli and spinach applications.
In this study, LAMP markers linked to shelf-life in melon (Cucumis melo L.) were developed by converting a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) marker (C2). The CAPS-PCR fragments from the long-shelf-life melon (0-3) and short-shelf-life melon (Nat-2) were cloned and sequenced to construct LAMP primers. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was identified between 0-3 and Nat-2. LAMP primers were designed to detect the SNP. In the LAMP reaction to detect long-shelf-life melon, the turbidity of the templates using 0-3, F1, homozygous long-shelf-life F2 lines and heterozygous long-shelf-life F2 lines started to increase after 40 min. In contrast, the turbidity of Nat-2 and homozygous short-shelf-life F2 lines did not increase even after 90 min. In the LAMP reaction to detect short-shelf-life melon, the turbidity of the templates using Nat-2, F1, homozygous short-shelf-life F2 lines and heterozygous long-shelf-life F2 lines started to increase after 40 min. But the turbidity of 0-3 and homozygous long-shelf-life F2 lines did not increase after 90 min. This attests to the high reliability and usefulness of LAMP for marker-assisted selection.
Dehydrins are proteins that play a role in the mechanism of drought tolerance. This study aimed at establishing dehydrin profile and accumulation in four local melon varieties of Iran: Mino, Dargazi, Saveii, and Semsori, as well as in a commercial variety Honeydew. Plants were treated with drought stress by adjusting the soil water content to 75, 50, 40, 30 and 20% of field capacity (FC) by withholding water. Water status of plants was monitored based on the seedling fresh weight (FW) and relative water content of leaves (RWC). Total protein content was extracted, then heat-stable protein (HSP) fraction was isolated for each variety and water stress treatment. After SDS-PAGE of HSP, Western blotting analysis was carried out with Anti-dehydrin rabbit (primary) and Goat anti rabbit (secondary) antibodies. ANOVA results showed that with decreasing FC below 75%, FW and RWC decreased, but these changes significantly varied among genotypes. On the basis of FW and RWC data under different drought stress treatments, the following drought-tolerant ranking was established: Mino > Dargazi > Saveii and Honeydew > Semsori, from tolerant to sensitive order. Results of Western blot analysis showed that expression of some proteins with molecular weights of 19– 52 kDa was induced in the studied varieties under drought stress (% FC). Expression level of the dehydrin proteins in different varieties was variable and also depending on the drought stress level applied. However, dehydrin proteins (45 and 50 kDa) showed strong expression levels in all varieties under severe drought stress (20% FC). The abundance of dehydrin proteins was higher in tolerant varieties (Mino and Dargazi) than in moderate and drought sensitive genotypes. Consequently, dehydrins represent a potential marker for selection of genotypes with enhanced drought tolerance.
The present study aimed to identify the response of melon accessions and cultivars to salt stress in terms of ion exchange, enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation and photosynthetic pigment contents by mixture modelling. In mixture modeling, it is expected that the data set demonstrates a heterogeneous structure. This heterogeneity is characterized as unobservable heterogeneity. The data set’s heterogeneity produces severe deviations in the parameter assessments and the standard deviations. Heterogeneity is overcome when the data set separates itself into homogeneous sub-populations. Mixture modeling was performed using the Mclust mixture cluster program of the statistical software package R 5.2.3. Sub-populations were constructed by evaluating genotypes according to studied traits and correlation analysis was performed using the SPSS software package. The seedlings of 13 melon genotypes were harvested two weeks after salt application (0 mM or 50 mM NaCl) when symptoms of salt stress were observed. Nutrient contents and ratios (K, Ca, Na, K : Na and Ca : Na); superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities malondialdehyde (MDA) chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured. Mixture modeling and correlation analysis were used in evaluating the experimental data sets. Differences in responses to salt application were observed among genotypes. While all genotypes exhibited negative responses in terms of K : Na ratio, which is an important parameter of salt tolerance, the smallest decreases in K : Na ratios were observed in the YYU-11 (–57.09%) and YYU-4 (–58.78%) genotypes, indicating them to be the most tolerant to salt stress. In general, enzyme activity decreased in response to salt application, although the responses varied among genotypes, especially with regard to CAT and APX activity. The YYU-29 genotype was notable as the genotype with the highest K : Na ratio (1.79) as well as the smallest change in MDA content under salt stress.
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