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Background. The ability of lactobacilli to adhere to the surface of the intestine is an important functional characteristic which can largely determine the effective colonization of the intestinal tract by probiotics. The following study compares the adhesion efficiency of the twenty strains of Lactobacillus genus belonging to Casei group to the Caco-2 cells and gastrointestinal mucus. Material and methods. Twenty isolates of lactobacilli belonging to Casei group were tested. The ability of bacterial cells to adhere to mucus was examined using adhesion assay to gastrointestinal mucus. Obtained results were compared with adhesion efficiency to Caco-2 cells. Phylogenetic relationship between isolates was analysed by rep-PCR. Results. The results showed large differences in adhesion efficiency between strains, as well as differences in the efficiency of adhesion to the intestinal epithelial cells and mucus. Group similarity highlighted by a rep- PCR technique does not correspond with groups of similarity in terms of the characteristics of the ability to adhere to mucus or the epithelial cells of intestinal tract. Conclusions. Strains having a high adhesion efficiency to enterocytes do not always show a high adhesion efficiency to the mucus. This may indicate the presence of different and multiple factors responsible for adhesion efficiency of Lactobacillus group Casei strains to epithelial cells and mucus.
The Gastroenterology Research Laboratory at New York Medical College, New York City, NY, directed by Prof. Dr. George B. Jerzy Glass and after his retirement by Prof. Dr. Bronislaw L. Slomiany and Prof. Dr. Amalia Slomiany served as a lunching pad for successful careers in exploration of mucus for Dr. Andrzej Gindzienski and Dr. Krzysztof Zwierz and Janusz Badurski at the Medical School in Bialystok, Poland as well as Dr. Jerzy Sarosiek at Gastroenterology Research Laboratory, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA and currently, Gastroenterology Research Laboratory, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. The dynamic and insightful research endeavors implemented at the Medical School of Bialystok revealed new information regarding enzymatic pathways of mucin synthesis especially its carbohydrate components such as hexosamines. These discoveries become instrumental in our understanding of the alimentary tract mucin synthesis and function in health and disease. Similarly innovative mucus research conducted across the Atlantic Ocean uncovered the novelty of mucin elaborated within the esophageal submucosal mucous glands in humans by demonstration that its chemical characteristics are different both from human salivary and gastric mucins. In addition, a novel method for the measurement of the thickness of the gastric mucus layer ex vivo in humans has also been developed. These pioneering works are continued at both mucus exploration centers attracting younger generation of investigators enticed by the mystery of the structure and function of the mucus barrier and its leading role in mucosal protection against injury as well as immediate and unequivocal contribution to mucosal repair and reconstitution process.
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