Primula farinosa L. of Primulaceae family is a protected, rare and critically endangered species of Polish flora. All lowland sites of this species do not longer exist at present. The population number of the only one mountainous site discovered in 1959 in Beskid Sądecki (South Poland) is violently decreasing. The reasons for decrease in the population can be complex and associated with changes in both habitat changes and low effectiveness of propagation. In the course of the study, the population number was estimated and selected aspects of the biology of flowering of P. farinosa were assessed, phytosociological and habitat characteristics of the environment were prepared. The population amounted to 158 flowering specimens in 2011. Improper age structure of the population, characterized by a small share of juvenile plants indicates a possible regression of the population. The share of expansive species increased in the floristic composition of phytocoenosis as compared to historical sources. The assessed elements of generative propagation do not provide any grounds to suppose that the decrease of the population number is caused by disturbances in this field. High- and short-styled flowers are present in the population, a pollen is viable and new seeds are potentially able to germinate.
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