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During two years of the investigations some morphological properties as well as the chemical composition of the one cultivar of the meadow clover (Trifolium pretense) and white clover (Trifolium repens) were compared with that of their ecotypes. The meadow clover was charac­terized in its first regrowth in cutting maturity and the white clover in the second regrowth in its pasture maturity. In both cultivars examined properties were characterized with the statistically higher parameters than in their ecotypes. The greatest differences between cultivars and ecotypes did not refer to the chemical composition.
The aim of the study was to determine the mechanical and geometric properties as well as bone tissue density of long bones in primiparous and multiparous dams of minks supplemented with ß-hydroxy ß-methylbutyrate (HMB) and/or 2-oxoketoglutarate (2-Ox) during gestation. Powdered 2-Ox was given at the daily dosage of 0.4 g/kg b.w. separately or simultaneously with HMB, which was administered at the daily dosage of 0.02 g/kg b.w. The study demonstrates for the first time that administration of 2-Ox and/or HMB to dams markedly influences bone tissue density and the mechanical and geometrical properties of mother's bones in minks. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the supplementation was more effective in the thoracic limb, which was comprehensively used in contrast to the pelvic limb. The mechanical parameters and bone tissue density significantly increased in the humerus in multiparous minks. Only such diet may provide satisfactory production results in the animals. Nutritional deficiencies occurring during pregnancies may trigger body's own reserves to cover the bone mass increase in developing foetuses and support milk production. This can prevent regeneration of dams' organisms, which negatively affects their reproductive performance. 2-Ox or HMB may be regarded as a protective metabolite when administered orally to minks, counteracting the negative influences of pregnancy and lactation periods on bones condition. Both simultaneous treatment with 2-Ox and HMB and their separate administration were equally effective.
The haloarchaeal diversity of a salt mine, a natural cave in central Anatolia, was investigated using convential microbiological and molecular biology methods. Eight halophilic archaeal isolates selected based on their colony morphology and whole cell protein profiles were taxonomically classified on the basis of their morphological, physiological, biochemical properties, polar lipid and protein profiles and 16S rDNA sequences. From the 16S rDNA sequences comparisons it was established that the isolates CH2, CH3 and CHC resembled Halorubrum saccharovorum by 98.8%, 98.9% and 99.5%, respectively. There was a 99.7% similarity between the isolate CH11 and Halobacterium noricense and 99.2% between the isolate CHA1 and Haloarcula argentinensis. The isolate CH8K and CH8B revealed a similarity rate of 99.8% and 99.3% to Halococcus dombrowskii, respectively. It was concluded that the isolates named CH2, CH3 and CHC were clustered in the genus Halorubrum and that CHA1 and CH7 in the genus Haloarcula, CH8K and CH8B in the genus Halococcus and CH11 in the genus Halobacterium.
The described case involves a German shepherd dog, 11-year-old, with a pulmonary tumour. Morphological and biochemical tests were performed on various blood parameters, and USG examinations of abdominal cavity and chest were carried out, as well as an X-ray examination of the chest. The fluid from pleural cavities was subjected to tests of physical, morphological, and biochemical properties, and to microbiological and cytological examinations. Due to the advanced age of the animal, increasingly severe morbid signs and unfavourable prognosis, the owner of the dog decided to ask for its euthanasia. Macroscopic examination of the pulmonary tissue disclosed neoplastic hyperplasia, involving the left adcephalic lobe and infiltrating the region of the pulmonary hilus. A small-cell carcinoma was diagnosed histopathologically and the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical examination. As a rule, it rapidly metastasises and bound to a poor-prognosis cancer, but in this case, the carcinoma manifested the rarely-observed limited form, and failed to produce metastases despite histological exponents of its malignant character.
The morphological properties of Schizothyrioma ptarmicae (Helotiales, Ascomycota), a fungus known from a single locality in Poland and infrequently reported from Europe, are described and illustrated. Schizothyrioma ptarmicae is a parasite of leaves of Achillea ptarmica. It has been found in the Myrico-Saliceto auritae and Cirsio-Polygonetum plant associations of the Słowiński National Park. Additionally, the properties of the specimens of S. ptarmicae collected were compared with those of S. aterridium, the only other member of the genus Schyzothyrioma.
Different methods of nettle cultivation were estimated in the experiment: vegetative prop­agation with runners planted in spring and generative propagation: autumn direct seed sowing in the field and transplant production in greenhouse (in multicell trays or plastic boxes) as well as nursery bed in the field. Seedlings were planted on 5 May. The plants were cultivated in spacing 45 x 15 cm, 45 x 25 cm and 45 x 35 cm. The best method of establishing nettle plantation was planting the seedlings produced in greenhouse: in mul­ticell trays and bare root transplants obtained in plastic boxes. The highest percentage of leaves in total yield of herb was observed in treatment with planting of seedling produced in multicell trays and with vegetative propagation by runners. Significant effect of spacing on total yield of herb and leaves was not observed.
The ontogenetic development and morphological properties of spores of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) of the genus Glomus, G. claroideum and G. spurcum, are described and illustrated. Spores of the two species were not earlier found in Poland, and this paper is the first report of the occurrence of G. spurcum in Europe. In one-species pot cultures with Plantago lanceolata as the host plant, the mycorrhizae of G. claroideum consist of arbuscules, vesicles, as well as intra- and extraradical hyphae staining intensively with trypan blue. Glomus spurcum mycorrhizae were not recognized, because many attempts to establish one-species cultures of this fungus failed. Additionally, the distribution of both the fungi in the world is presented.
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